Table 1:
Baseline Participant Characteristics
| ALL N=9187 |
NO HIP FRACTURE N=8826 |
HIP FRACTURE N=361 |
P VALUE | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 60.0 (52.7–67.2) | 59.9 (52.7–67.1) | 63.1 (55.3–70.6) | <0.001 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 4719 (51.4) | 4552 (51.6) | 167 (46.3) | 0.048 |
| Race | ||||
| Caucasian, n (%) | 6530 (71.1) | 6290 (71.3) | 240 (66.5) | 0.049 |
| African American, n (%) | 2657 (28.9) | 2536 (28.7) | 121 (33.5) | |
| BMIa, median (IQR) | 28.1 (24.5–32.4) | 28.1 (24.5–32.4) | 28.2 (24.2–33.5) | 0.52 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 4309 (48.5) | 4140 (48.5) | 169 (47.1) | 0.59 |
| Pack years, median (IQR) | 39.5 (27.7–55.5) | 39.5 (27.8–55.3) | 40.4 (26.3–57.0) | 0.33 |
| FEV1b % predicted post, median (IQR) | 80.0 (58.7–94.5) | 80.2 (58.9–94.6) | 75.0 (54.0–92.6) | 0.024 |
| FEV1/FVCc post ratio, median (IQR) | 0.71 (0.57–0.78) | 0.71 (0.57–0.78) | 0.71 (0.57–0.78) | 0.14 |
| GOLD, n (%) | 0.009 | |||
| 0 | 3737 (42.3) | 3613 (42.6) | 124 (34.7) | |
| 1 | 693 (7.8) | 667 (7.9) | 26 (7.3) | |
| 2 | 1722 (19.5) | 1648 (19.4) | 74 (20.7) | |
| 3 | 1069 (12.1) | 1014 (12.0) | 55 (15.4) | |
| 4 | 525 (5.9) | 508 (6.0) | 17 (4.8) | |
| Unclassified PRiSMd | 1094 (12.4) | 1033 (12.2) | 61 (17.1) | |
| Percent emphysema, median (IQR) | 2.2 (0.7–7.4) | 2.2 (0.7–7.3) | 3.1 (0.9–8.9) | 0.14 |
| Percent emphysema ≥ 5%, n (%) | 2513 (32.4) | 2396 (32.1) | 117 (38.7) | 0.016 |
| Inhaled corticosteroid use, n (%) | 2202 (24.8) | 2098 (24.6) | 104 (29.2) | 0.05 |
| Oral corticosteroid use, n (%) | 219 (2.5) | 206 (2.5) | 13 (3.7) | 0.14 |
| Prior oral or parenteral steroids, n (%) | 1482 (16.6) | 1418 (16.5) | 64 (17.8) | 0.52 |
| Reported osteoporosis, n (%) | 849 (9.6) | 784 (9.2) | 65 (18.1) | <0.001 |
| Treated with bone-modifying agent | 555 (6.0) | 522 (5.9) | 33 (9.4) | 0.012 |
| Prior hip fracture, n (%) | 161 (1.8) | 130 (1.5) | 31 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| Reported vertebral fracture, n (%) | 413 (4.7) | 377 (4.4) | 36 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| CT assessed vertebral fracture* | 920 (32.5) | 879 (32.2) | 41 (41.0) | 0.065 |
| Reported rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 647 (7.3) | 600 (7.0) | 47 (13.1) | <0.001 |
| Reported diabetes, n (%) | 1172 (13.2) | 1099 (12.9) | 73 (20.3) | <0.001 |
| Six-minute walk distance (meters) | 422 (342–495) | 425 (344–497) | 381 (296–457) | <0.001 |
| mMRCe, mean (SD) | 1.3 (1.4) | 1.3 (1.4) | 1.5 (1.4) | 0.007 |
| Total exacerbations, mean (SD) | 2.3 (4.7) | 2.2 (4.6) | 4.2 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Total Severe exacerbations, mean (SD) | 0.8 (2.1) | 0.7 (2.0) | 1.8 (3.8) | <0.001 |
| Exacerbations/year, mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.6 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Severe Exacerbations/year, mean (SD) | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.1 (0.5) | 0.3 (0.6) | <0.001 |
| Died, n (%) | 1429 (15.6) | 1361 (15.4) | 68 (18.8) | 0.079 |
a
Body mass index
b
Forced expiratory volume
c
Forced vital capacity
d
Preserved ratio, impaired spirometry
e
Modified medical research council symptom questionnaire
*
N = 2830