Table 2.
SD (Z)-scores at baseline and after 12 and 24 months (m) of intervention in the total study population and by gender.
| Baseline (B) | 12 Months (12 m) |
24 Months (24 m) |
p-Value (B vs. 12 m) | p-Value (B vs. 24 m) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (Kg) | Boys | 2.5 ± 1.4 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | 0.002 |
| Girls | 2.6 ± 1.6 | 2.1 ± 1.6 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | 0.16 | |
| All | 2.5 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.4 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | 0.001 | |
| Height (cm) | Boys | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 0.9 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 0.93 | 0.32 |
| Girls | 0.8 ± 1.3 | 0.6 ± 1.3 | 0.7 ± 1.3 | 0.13 | 0.17 | |
| All | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 0.32 | 0.30 | |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | Boys | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Girls | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 0.9 | <0.0001 | 0.003 | |
| All | 2.6 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | |
| SBP (mmHg) | Boys | 0.5 ± 1.0 | 0.5 ± 0.9 | −0.02 ± 1.3 | 0.86 | 0.03 |
| Girls | 0.6 ± 1.2 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.3 ± 1.1 | 0.08 | 0.72 | |
| All | 0.5 ± 1.1 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 0.1 ± 1.2 | 0.27 | 0.06 | |
| DBP (mmHg) | Boys | 0.9 ± 0.9 | 0.7 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 1.0 | 0.28 | 0.32 |
| Girls | 0.8 ± 1.0 | 0.9 ± 1.1 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.38 | 0.68 | |
| All | 0.8 ± 1.0 | 0.8 ± 0.9 | 0.6 ± 1.1 | 0.99 | 0.33 |
BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure. Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± SD. The paired t-test was used to compare quantitative variables in order to contrast variables measured in the entire prepubescent population at different times. p-value < 0.05 is significantly statistical.