Fig. 4.

The effect of SARS-CoV-2 SP (50 ng/mL) on expression of key pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules in LNCaP cells. Statistically significant results are indicated by asterisk (*) (p < 0.05). A Comparison of mRNA expression levels in pro- and anti-apoptotic molecules in LNCaP cells. Pro-apoptotic molecules included Fas, FasL, TRAILR1, and TRAIL. Anti-apoptotic molecules included FLIP, Bcl-2, and survivin. GAPDH was used as an internal control for comparison of expression levels. Each experiment was completed in triplicate and recorded on the graphs as a mean ratio of molecule densitometric Units/GAPDH + SEM (× 100). B Evaluation of FasL expression in LNCaP cells via IHC staining. The IHC images appear as original ×400 magnification. Relative staining intensity was evaluated via MetaMorph image software analysis of 3–5 randomly selected high-power fields of three slides