Table 5.

Parameter Estimates and Their Correlations for Parallel Process Models

	χ2 (df)	CFI	RMSEA	M	SE	Correlations
						1	2	3
Academic self-efficacy	33.60 (26)	.98	.03
1. Stereotype threat intercept				2.67**	.04
2. Stereotype threat linear				0.27**	.06	−.02
3. Self-efficacy intercept				4.10**	.03	<.00	.09
4. Self-efficacy linear				−0.25**	.05	−.07	−.14 .12
Intrinsic value	51.35** (27)	.96	.05
1. Stereotype threat intercept				2.67**	.04
2. Stereotype threat linear				0.27**	.06	−.03
3. Intrinsic intercept				4.15**	.03	−.12†	−.04
4. Intrinsic linear				−0.04**	.02	−.21	.06	−.06
Attainment value	43.71* (27)	.97	.04
1. Stereotype threat intercept				2.67**	.04
2. Stereotype threat linear				0.27**	.06	−.03
3. Attainment intercept				3.94**	.03	<.01	−.09
4. Attainment linear				−0.07**	.02	−.28*	.03 .25
Effort Cost1	63.70** (26)	.91	.07
1. Stereotype threat intercept				2.68**	.05
2. Stereotype threat linear				.28**	.06	−.05
3. Effort cost intercept				2.11**	.05	.17†	−.06
4. Effort cost linear				.47**	.07	.38*	−.01 .22

Note. Intercept and slope estimates are unstandardized. Significant coefficients are in bold. The quadratic slope coefficients for stereotype threat, academic self-efficacy, and effort cost were included in the model due to improved model fit; however, we fixed the variance of these quadratic slopes to zero to avoid estimation issues. Only the relations between the linear trajectories are tested.

The number of free parameters in academic self-efficacy and effort cost models were 18 and the number of free parameters in intrinsic and attainment value models were 17.

¹Cohort 1 is excluded from the analysis since they did not have baseline data on effort cost.

^†p≤.10

^*p < .05

^**p < .001