. 2021 Dec 24;10(1):29. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10010029

Table A3.

Characteristics of the studies introduced in the meta-analysis.

Study	Sample Characteristics				Language of the Instrument	Cognitive Empathy Cronbach’s α	Affective Empathy Cronbach’s α
Study	Number of Subjects	Sex	Type	Generational Group	Language of the Instrument	Cognitive Empathy Cronbach’s α	Affective Empathy Cronbach’s α
1. Guasp Coll et al. (2020)	991	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Spanish	0.68	0.68
2. Schoeps et al. (2020)	250	Mixed	General	Young	Spanish	0.76	0.68
3. Fatma et al. (2020)	80	Mixed	General	Adults	Turkish	0.782	0.649
4. Khosravani et al. (2020)	300	Mixed	Special	Adults	Persian	0.88	0.86
5. McLaren et al. (2019)	555	Mixed	Special	Adults	English	0.78	0.86
6. Triffaux et al. (2019)	1602	Mixed	General	Young	French	0.66	0.77
7. Juliá-Sanchis et al. (2019)	544	Mixed	General	Adults	Spanish	0.96	0.96
8. Cañero Pérez et al. (2019)	122	Mixed	General	Young	Spanish	0.77	0.67
9. You et al. (2018)	993	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Korean	0.83	0.78
10. Gamin and Sharp (2018a)	403	Mixed	Special	Adolescents	English	0.79	0.86
11. Gamin and Sharp (2018b)	177	Mixed	Special	Adolescents	English	0.82	0.89
12. Errasti et al. (2017)	503	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Spanish	0.78	0.81
13. Pechorro et al. (2017c)	377	Women	Special	Adolescents	Portuguese	0.91	0.83
14. Herrera-López et al. (2017)	747	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Spanish	0.67	0.7
15. Villadangos et al. (2016)	752	Mixed	General	Young	Spanish	0.96	0.92
16. Sekol and Farrington (2016)	601	Mixed	Special	Young	English	0.68	0.7
17. Pechorro et al. (2016a)	438	Mixed	Special	Young	Portuguese	0.90	0.87
18. Pechorro et al. (2016b)	782	Mixed	Special	Young	Portuguese	0.93	0.89
19. Pechorro et al. (2015)	221	Men	Special	Young	Portuguese	0.90	0.87
20. Vural et al. (2014)	124	Mixed	General	Adults	Turkish	0.78	0.62
21. Mavropoulou and Sideridis (2014)	475	Mixed	General	Adolescents	English	0.66	0.54
22. Pettalia et al. (2013)	260	Mixed	General	Adolescents	English	0.70	0.84
23. Totan et al. (2012)	698	Mixed	General	Young	Turkish	0.80	0.76
24. Čavojová et al. (2012)	747	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Slovakian	0.70	0.76
25. Topcu and Erdur-Baker (2012)	795	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Turkish	0.81	0.75
26. Sekol and Farrington (2010)	601	Mixed	Special	Young	English	0.68	0.70
27. Stavrinides et al. (2010)	205	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Greek	0.80	0.71
28. D’Ambrosio et al. (2009)	446	Mixed	General	Adolescents	French	0.66	0.77
29. Albiero et al. (2009)	655	Mixed	General	Adolescents	Italian	0.74	0.86
30. Jolliffe and Farrington (2006)	720	Mixed	General	Adolescents	English	0.79	0.85