SARS-CoV-1	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-1
MERS-CoV	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
COVID-19	Coronavirus disease emerged in 2019
WHO	World Health Organization
ACE2	Angiotensin-Converting enzyme 2
MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging
NSAID	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
NO	Nitric Oxide
OA	Osteoarthritis
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase 2
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
RAS	Renin-angiotensin system
IL-6	Interleukin 6
IL-1β	Interleukin 1 beta
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor alfa
SASP	Senescence-associated secretory phenotype
CCL2/3/4	C–C motif chemokine ligand 2/3/4
CXCL2	Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2
Peptide hormone EREG	Protein encoded by EREG gene, epiregulin
DRG	Dorsal root ganglia
AT1R	Angiotensin II type 1 receptor
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
MAPKs	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
ARB	Angiotensin receptor blocker
AT1R blocker	Angiotensin II type I receptor blocker
AT2R	Angiotensin II type 2 receptor
ACEI	Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
TMPRSS2	Transmembrane serine protease 2
Bmal1	Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1
Angiotensin (1–7)/MAS axis	Angiotensin (1–7)/ mitochondrial assembly receptor axis
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
nAchR	Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
CHRNA7	Gene for the Cholinergic Receptor Nicotinic Alpha 7 Subunit
α7nAchR	Alfa7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
CHRFAM7A	human partial duplication of the CHRNA7 gene which encodes for the α7nAchR