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Intestinal mucosal barrier. Epithelial cells, together with Paneth cells and goblet cells, form a layer that acts as a mechanical barrier, which is sealed by a complex combination of desmosomes and gap junctions. The layer of mucus works as a chemical barrier that limits the direct contact between the gut microbiome and the intestinal epithelium. Immune cells are mainly confined to the lamina propria (created with BioRender.com; accessed on 13 December 2021).
