Figure 2.

Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzymatic breakdown of n-3 PUFA. Omega-3 FAs are enzymatically cleaved by phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) from the phospholipid bilayer. Parent n-3 FA can then interact with the same LOX enzymes that break down n-6 to be metabolized into oxylipins with less potent anti-inflammatory properties. Increases in cord 5-HEPE were predictive of an increase in birth length percentile. However, increases in maternal 7-HDHA were predictive of a decrease in birth weight percentile. Created with BioRender.com (30 December 2021). (+), beta value was positive; (−), beta value was negative; HOTrE, hydroxyoctadecatrenoic acid; HpEPE, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; HEPE, hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid; HpHDHA, hydroxyperoxydocosahexaenoic acid; HDHA, hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid; oxo-DHA, oxo-docosahexaenoic acid.