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. 2022 Jan 16;15:363–379. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S345108

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© 2022 Jiang et al.

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(A) The rats in the SAE-EE-anti-VP serum, SAE-EE-shRNA, or SAE-EE-SR49059 groups had a longer latency to platform than the rats in the SAE-EE group (from day 3 to day 5). SAE-EE vs SAE-EE-anti-VP serum: ^#p < 0.05, ^####p < 0.0001; SAE-EE vs SAE-EE-shRNA:***p<0.001; SAE-EE vs SAE-EE-SR49059: ^aaaap < 0.0001. (B) The rats in the SAE-EE group spent more time in target quadrant C compared with the rats in the SAE-EE-anti-VP serum, SAE-EE-shRNA or SAE-EE-SR49059 groups. *p < 0.05,**p < 0.01. (C) The rats in the SAE-EE group had more target crossing times when compared with the rats in the SAE-EE-anti-VP serum, SAE-EE-shRNA or SAE-EE-SR49059 groups. *p < 0.05. (D) At day 5, the rats in the SAE and SAE-MIX group had a longer latency to the platform than the rats in the SAE-VP group. SAE vs SAE-VP: ***p < 0.001; SAE-VP vs SAE-MIX: ^#p < 0.05. (E) The rats in the SAE-VP group spent more time in target quadrant C compared with the rats in the SAE or SAE-MIX group. *p < 0.05. (F) The rats in the SAE-VP group had more target crossing times when compared with the rats in the SAE or SAE-MIX group. *p < 0.05,**p < 0.01. Data represent the means ± standard error of the mean.

Abbreviations: EE, environmental enrichment; VP, vasopressin; SAE, sepsis-associated encephalopathy; MIX, a mixture of VP and SR49059; shRNA, short hairpin RNA.