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. 2022 Jan 16;15:363–379. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S345108

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© 2022 Jiang et al.

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(A) The IL-1β level showed no differences in serum samples among the groups. (B) The IL-6 level showed no differences in serum samples among the groups. (C) The IL-10 level showed no differences in serum samples among the groups. (D) The TNF-α level showed no differences in serum samples among the groups. Data represent the means ± standard error of the mean.

Abbreviations: EE, environmental enrichment; VP, vasopressin; SAE, sepsis-associated encephalopathy; MIX, a mixture of VP and SR49059; shRNA, short hairpin RNA.