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. 2022 Jan 20;12:1073. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05041-0

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Average estimated number of weekly close contacts from outside the household together with the number of daily coronavirus infections (dotted curve) in Italy (A) and Spain (B). We highlight in the plots several notable events: (1) the Italian compulsory mask mandate in public spaces; (2) the imposition of the three-tiered system in Italy; (3) the Spanish declaration of state of alarm in the Comunidad de Madrid; and (4) the declaration of state of emergency in Spain. We report the 95% confidence interval to ease the comparison of the trends.