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. 2022 Jan 20;12:1045. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05078-1

Table 4.

Quality assessment of the included cohort studies according to the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.

First author (year) Representativeness of the exposed cohort Selection of the non-exposed cohort Ascertainment of exposure Outcome not present at start of study Comparability of cohorts Assessment of outcome Follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts Total quality score
Jin (2020) * * 2
Leung (2013) * 1
Sánchez‑Villegas (2018) * * * * 4