Table 2.
Overview of Studies Characteristics.
| Study ID | Sample characteristics | Study characteristics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Size (% female) | Mean age (SD) | Participant pool | Study procedure | Method | Originally elicited emotions | Measures and signals | |
| 1 | 142 (75) | 21.90 (2.49) | Undergraduates | Baseline, speech preparation, pictures presentation, recovery | Pictures and speech preparation | High-approach positive emotions, low-approach positive emotions, neutral conditions, threat | Motivation, ECG, EDA, Temp, Resp, SBP, DBP |
| 2 | 186 (53) | 21.96 (2.30) | Undergraduates | Baseline, pictures presentation, speech preparation, recovery | Pictures and speech preparation | High-approach positive emotions, low-approach positive emotions, neutral conditions, threat, anger | Motivation, ECG, EDA, Temp, SBP, DBP, CO, TPR |
| 3 | 147 (50) | 21.06 (1.91) | Undergraduates | Baseline, message writing 1, message writing 2 | Interpersonal communication | Positive emotions (gratitude) and neutral conditions | Valence, ECG, EDA, ICG, SBP, DBP, CO, TPR |
| 4 | 83 (59) | 20.18 (1.88) | Undergraduates | Baseline, film clip, economic decision | Film clips | Negative emotions (fear) and neutral conditions | Valence, ECG, EDA, SBP, DBP, CO, TPR |
| 5 | 199 (51) | 22.38 (2.61) | Romantic couples | Baseline, three rounds of film clips, and responses to partner success (capitalization) | Film clips | Positive emotions (amusement), negative emotions (anger), and neutral conditions | Valence, ECG, EDA, SBP, DBP, CO, TPR |
| 6 | 187 (53) | 21.52 (2.73) | Undergraduates | Baseline, series of six film clips (all positive, negative, neutral, or mixed), ultimatum game | Film clips | Positive emotions (amusement, tenderness), negative emotions (anger, disgust, fear, sadness), and neutral conditions | Valence, ECG, EDA, ICG, SBP, DBP, CO, TPR |
| 7 | 213 (0) | 23.82 (3.57) | Gamers | Baseline, five rounds of film clips (random order), video-game match, recovery | Film clips | Positive emotions (amusement and excitement), negative emotions (anger and sadness), and neutral conditions | Motivation, ECG, ICG, |
Valence = positive-negative, Motivation = approach-avoidance tendency, Temp = fingertip skin temperature, Resp = respiration, ECG = electrocardiography, EDA = electrodermal activity, ICG = impedance cardiography, Z0 = baseline impedance, dZ = sensed impedance signal, dZ/dt = sensed impedance signal derivative over time, SBP = systolic blood pressure, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, CO = cardiac output, TPR = total peripheral resistance.