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. 2022 Jan 7;12:758862. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758862

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Expression of TmIKKε in response to microbial challenge. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans were injected into 10th to 12th instar larvae, and samples were collected at specific time points (3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h). TmIKKε mRNA expression in the whole body (A), hemocytes (B), gut (C), and fat body (D) of T. molitor larvae. The TmIKKε mRNA expression was normalized to that in the phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group. TmL27a was used as an internal control. Data represent the mean ± SE. Significance is set at p < 0.05. *Denotes significant difference over the control.