Table 4.
Factors associated with poor functioning and overall health (ASAS-HI ⩾ 12) (N = 587).
| Qualitative factors | Univariable logistic analysis | Multivariable logistic analysis | ||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Gender: Male | 0.78 | 0.51–1.19 | ||
| Smoking status: Smoker | 1.84 | 1.20–2.81 | 1.98 | 1.07–3.68 |
| Education: University | 0.81 | 0.56–1.19 | ||
| Marital status: Married | 1.11 | 0.73–1.70 | ||
| Employment status: Working | 0.58 | 0.39–0.88 | 0.48 | 0.27–0.85 |
| Patient organization: Member | 0.59 | 0.612–1.32 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension | 1.69 | 1.04–2.75 | 0.93 | 0.41–2.10 |
| Diabetes | 5.85 | 2.52–13.54 | 4.89 | 1.35–17.65 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 4.10 | 2.19–7.67 | 2.32 | 0.92–5.85 |
| Kidney-related disease | 2.40 | 1.03–5.60 | 1.25 | 0.39–4.03 |
| Respiratory disease | 2.27 | 1.18–4.35 | 1.51 | 0.59–3.81 |
| Depression | 1.83 | 1.14–2.94 | 1.50 | 0.73–3.08 |
| Anxiety | 1.56 | 0.95–2.54 | ||
| Extra-musculoskeletal manifestations | ||||
| Psoriasis | 2.07 | 1.26–3.40 | 1.83 | 0.92–3.62 |
| Drugs | ||||
| Painkillers | 2.72 | 1.82–4.06 | 2.82 | 1.58–5.05 |
| Oral corticosteroids | 1.93 | 1.14–3.27 | 2.20 | 1.02–4.76 |
| Country | ||||
| Country: UK | 0.68 | 0.46–1.01 | ||
| Country: France | 1.94 | 1.14–3.32 | 1.37 | 0.63–2.98 |
| Country: Italy | 1.52 | 0.50–4.12 | ||
| Country: Portugal | 0.90 | 0.24–3.30 | ||
| Country ref.: Spain | ||||
| Habits and healthcare | ||||
| Physical activity prepandemics | 0.70 | 0.47–1.04 | ||
| Physical activity in pandemics | 0.46 | 0.29–0.74 | 0.54 | 0.31–0.92 |
| Visit to rheumatologist. Yes | 0.80 | 0.52–1.25 | ||
| Key worker. Yes | 0.72 | 0.44–1.19 | ||
| Walk outside at least 2 days | 0.52 | 0.35–0.75 | 0.64 | 0.37–1.10 |
| Medication change | 0.59 | 0.35–1.01 | ||
| Quantitative factors | B | B | ||
| Age | –0.01 | 0.98–1.01 | ||
| BMI (n = 430) | 0.04 | 1.00–1.08 | ||
| Quality of received information (0–5) | –0.10 | 0.70–1.05 | ||
ASAS-HI, Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society Health Index; BMI, body mass index; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; OR, odds ratio. Boldfaced values indicate statistical significance.