Phenotypes of OsPAGN1 transgenic lines. (A) Target site in the OsPAGN1 sequence in the OsPAGN1 knockout lines pagn1-Ti and pagn1-Cd. (B) Plant architecture and (C) the panicles of the wild-type (Wuyugeng) and OsPAGN1 knockout lines. (D–H) Plant height, tiller number, grain number per panicle, number of primary branches, and grain number for the primary branches of the wild-type and OsPAGN1 knockout lines. (I–K) Stem cell length of the wild-type and OsPAGN1 knockout lines. Bar = 100 μm. (L) Plant architecture of the wild-type and OsPAGN1-overexpressing lines. (M–P) Plant height, tiller number, number of primary branches, and grain number for the primary branches of the wild-type and OsPAGN1-overexpressing lines. The data are the mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. (Student’s t test).