Table 1.

Representative Conventional Drugs for Asthma.

Drug Name (Generic)	Drug Type	Benefits	Disadvantages	Representative Clinical Trials
Beclomethasone dipropionate [36]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Reduces airway swelling	Dry mouth, irritated throat, voice changes	NCT02040766 NCT03834012 NCT00497237 NCT02513160
Fluticasone propionate [35]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Prevents allergic reactions	Nasal dryness, nausea, vomiting	NCT02175771 NCT02139644 NCT02301975 NCT02980133
Budesonide [37]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Reduces airway swelling	Dysphonia, oropharyngeal candidiasis	NCT01676987 NCT05152355 NCT01070888 NCT00509028
Ciclesonide [35]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Reduces airway swelling	Dysphonia, oropharyngeal candidiasis	NCT03839433 NCT00163293 NCT01455194 NCT00305461
Fluticasone furoate [35]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Reduces airway swelling	Dysphonia, oropharyngeal candidiasis	NCT01159912 NCT02502734 NCT01165138 NCT00649025
Mometasone [35]	Inhaled corticosteroid	Reduces airway swelling	Dysphonia, oropharyngeal candidiasis	NCT00556673 NCT02415179 NCT01555151 NCT01210170
Tiotropium [38]	Long acting muscarinic antagonist	Bronchodilator	Dry mouth, constipation	NCT03964220 NCT00557700 NCT02676089 NCT01340209 NCT00776984
Theophylline [39]	Xanthine Derivative	Relaxes airway muscles	Nausea, abdominal pain, headache, diarrhea	NCT01684683 NCT00119496 NCT00756418 NCT00000578
Salmeterol xinafoate [36]	Long acting beta agonist	Prevents bronchoconstriction	Hives, headache, blurred vision	NCT02260492 NCT03461627 NCT04564456 NCT03535870
Pranlukast hydrate [40]	Leukotriene receptor antagonist	Prevents bronchospasm	Headache, abdominal or stomach pain, cough, dental pain	NCT03826485
Montelukast sodium [40]	Leukotriene receptor antagonist	Prevents bronchospasm	Numbness, pain in the arms or legs, sinus pain	NCT00140881 NCT00157937 NCT00092989 NCT00636207
Mepolizumab [41]	Antibody derivative	Prevents airway swelling	Pain at injection site, headache, rash	NCT02281318 NCT01691521 NCT02555371 NCT02654145
Reslizumab [42]	Antibody derivative	Anti-eosinophilic activity	Pain at injection site, headache	NCT03074942 NCT02452190 NCT00587288 NCT03052725
Benralizumab [43]	Antibody derivative	Anti-eosinophilic activity	Pain at injection site, headache	NCT02322775 NCT02869438 NCT02075255 NCT02814643
Omalizumab [44]	Anti-IgE antibody	Prevents allergic reaction	Itching, bruising, redness, pain, or swelling at the injection site	NCT00314574 NCT01922037 NCT02654145 NCT00046748