Table 3.

List of publications related to the application of combined EN and EE.

Food Matrix	Aim of the Study	EN	EE	Data-Fusion Method	Ref.
Pork meat	Determination of total volatile basic nitrogen content for evaluating pork freshness	11 commercial MOS sensors	CCD camera	Mid-level with selected features	[80]
Tilapia fillets	Characterization of fresh and spoiled tilapia fillets	12 commercial MOS sensors	CCD camera	Low-level	[81]
Longjing tea	Quality grading of tea samples	Commercial e-nose	CMOS camera	Mid-level with both feature extraction and feature selection High-level data fusion	[82]
Tomatoes	Prediction of ripening stage and quality parameters	10 MOS sensors	CCD camera	Mid-level, fusion of first PCs of each block	[83]
Strawberries	Evaluation of fungal contamination on strawberries during decay and determination of quality attributes	Commercial e-nose	Vis-NIR hyperspectral imaging system (400–1000 nm)	Low-level Mid-level with extracted features (PCA scores)	[84]
Pork meat	Quantification of intramuscular fat and peroxide value	Commercial e-nose	Vis-NIR hyperspectral imaging system (400–1000 nm)	Mid-level with extracted features (PCA scores after variable selection)	[85]