Table A1.

Demographic and habit-related parameters of the cohort. The p-values refer to the Kruskall–Wallis test and Fisher’s test between IBD and the numerical or categorical variables, respectively. n = no, Y = yes. The variables in bold were significantly unbalanced between the HC (42 samples), CD (52 samples) and UC (58 samples) groups.

	p-Value	HC	CD	UC
Age	0.26	Mean: 38.02	Mean: 42.42	Mean: 43.43
		Median: 32.5	Median: 42	Median: 42
		Std.Dev: 15.95	Std.Dev: 15.95	Std.Dev: 14.04
		Min: 22	Min: 19	Min: 19
		Max: 72	Max: 67	Max: 69
Gender	0.21	F = 0.64,	F = 0.47,	F = 0.5,
		M = 0.36	M = 0.53	M = 0.5
Currently smokes	0.46	n = 0.81,	n = 0.91,	n = 0.88,
		Y = 0.17	Y = 0.09	Y = 0.12
Height	0.66	Mean: 167.33	Mean: 168.3	Mean: 170.02
		Median: 168	Median: 173	Median: 170
		Std.Dev: 7.78	Std.Dev: 7.78	Std.Dev: 10.04
		Min: 150	Min: 0	Min: 150
		Max: 185	Max: 186	Max: 188
Caesarean	0.46	n = 0.81, Y = 0.17	n = 0.91, Y = 0.09	n = 0.88, Y = 0.12
Eat yogurt at least 4 days/week	0.07	n = 0.74, Y = 0.26	n = 0.91, Y = 0.09	n = 0.78, Y = 0.22
Eat bread at least 4 days/week	0.15	n = 0.33, Y = 0.67	n = 0.19, Y = 0.81	n = 0.17, Y = 0.83
Eat pasta at least 4 days/week	0.06	n = 0.29, Y = 0.71	n = 0.15, Y = 0.85	n = 0.34, Y = 0.66
Eat dairy products at least 4 days/week	0.04	n = 0.36, Y = 0.64	n = 0.4, Y = 0.6	n = 0.59, Y = 0.41
Eat fruit and vegetables at least 4 days/week	0.01	n = 0.14, Y = 0.86	n = 0.34, Y = 0.66	n = 0.14, Y = 0.86
Eat meat at least 4 days/week	0.33	n = 0.24, Y = 0.76	n = 0.3, Y = 0.7	n = 0.38, Y = 0.62
Eat fish at least 4 days/week	0.45	n = 0.74, Y = 0.26	n = 0.83, Y = 0.17	n = 0.74, Y = 0.26
Eat cereals at least 4 days/week	0.02	n = 0.71, Y = 0.29	n = 0.89, Y = 0.11	n = 0.67, Y = 0.33
Eat legumes at least 4 days/week	0.002	n = 0.62, Y = 0.38,	n = 0.90, Y = 0.10,	n = 0.84, Y = 0.16,
Drink coffee at least 4 days/week	0.20	n = 0.14, Y = 0.86	n = 0.28, Y = 0.72	n = 0.28, Y = 0.72
Physical activity	0.10	n = 0.4, Y = 0.6	n = 0.56, Y = 0.44	n = 0.36, Y = 0.64