Figure 4.

(a-i) Schematic illustration of the mechanism of the impedance-based single-cell printing system. The impedance signals of the flow-through cells trigger the actuator to generate and dispense the droplets containing single cells. (a-ii) The time-lapse images show the progress of printing a single HeLa cell. Reproduced with permission from [42]. (b-i) Schematic illustration of the system and mechanism of the dual microvalves-based single-cell screening and printing. (b-ii) HUVECs were captured by the valves under the pressure of 0.8 atm. (b-iii) the size distribution of the HUVECs’ suspension. (b-iv) the size of HUVECs screened by the valves. (b-v) Cell viability with different conditions. Reproduced with permission from [99].