Table 1.
Frequencies and percentages for parent and child characteristics and factors influencing vaccine hesitancy and acceptability by plans to vaccinate child against COVID-19.
| Total Sample n = 400 |
Yes or Probably Will n = 163 (40.75%) |
Unsure n = 99 (24.75%) |
No or Probably Not n = 138 (34.5%) |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Parent age, M (SD) | 35.83 (7.70) | 36.70 (6.53) | 35.54 (9.50) | 35.00 (7.47) | 0.15 |
| Education | 0.02 * | ||||
| Did not attend college | 107 (26.8%) | 32 (19.6%) | 34 (34.3%) | 41 (29.7%) | |
| Some college or higher | 293 (73.3%) | 131 (80.4%) | 65 (65.7%) | 97 (70.3%) | |
| Annual household income | 0.004 * | ||||
| Less than $20,000 | 156 (39%) | 51 (31.3%) | 49 (49.5%) | 56 (40.6%) | |
| Between $20,000 and $50,999 | 178 (44.5%) | 75 (46%) | 39 (39.4%) | 64 (46.4%) | |
| Between $51,000 and $79,999 | 49 (12.3%) | 27 (16.6%) | 5 (5.1%) | 17 (12.3%) | |
| Preferred not to answer | 17 (4.3%) | 10 (6.1%) | 6 (6.1%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
| Financial security | 0.01 * | ||||
| Cannot make ends meet | 90 (22.5%) | 25 (15.3%) | 30 (30.3%) | 35 (25.4%) | |
| Have just enough or comfortable | 310 (77.5%) | 138 (84.7%) | 69 (69.7%) | 103 (74.6%) | |
| Region of residence | 0.17 | ||||
| Northeast | 66 (16.5%) | 29 (17.8%) | 15 (15.2%) | 22 (15.9%) | |
| Midwest | 132 (33%) | 53 (32.5%) | 41 (41.4%) | 38 (27.5%) | |
| South | 110 (27.5%) | 40 (24.5%) | 29 (29.3%) | 41 (29.7%) | |
| West | 92 (23%) | 41 (25.2%) | 14 (14.1%) | 37 (26.8%) | |
| Parent vaccination status | <0.001 * | ||||
| No | 173 (43.3%) | 19 (11.7%) | 51 (51%) | 103 (74.6%) | |
| Yes | 227 (56.8%) | 144 (88.3%) | 48 (48.5%) | 35 (25.4%) | |
| Parent previously tested for COVID-19 | 0.71 | ||||
| No | 191 (47.8%) | 81 (49.7%) | 44 (44.4%) | 66 (47.8%) | |
| Yes | 209 (52.3%) | 82 (50.3%) | 55 (55.6%) | 72 (52.2%) | |
| Child’s age,M (SD) | 7.66 (1.70) | 7.94 (1.68) | 7.49 (1.62) | 7.46 (1.74) | 0.12 |
| 5 to 7 years old | 194 (48.5%) | 69 (42.3%) | 52 (52.5%) | 73 (52.9%) | |
| 8 to 10 years old | 206 (51.5%) | 94 (57.7%) | 47 (47.5%) | 64 (47.1%) | |
| Child’s gender | 0.16 | ||||
| Male | 214 (53.5) | 77 (47.2%) | 61 (61.6%) | 76 (55.1%) | |
| Female | 185 (46.3) | 85 (52.1%) | 38 (38.4%) | 62 (44.9%) | |
| Gender nonbinary | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.6%) | 0% | 0% | |
| Child previously tested for COVID-19 | 0.81 | ||||
| No | 200 (50%) | 80 (49.1%) | 49 (49.5%) | 71 (51.4%) | |
| Yes | 196 (49%) | 81 (49.7%) | 50 (50.5%) | 65 (47.1%) | |
| I don’t know | 4 (1%) | 2 (1.2%) | 0% | 2 (1.4%) | |
| Child previously had COVID-19 | 0.34 | ||||
| No | 437 (86.8%) | 144 (88.3%) | 88 (88.9%) | 115 (83.3%) | |
| Yes | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
| I don’t know | 54 (13.3%) | 19 (11.7%) | 11 (11.1%) | 23 (16.7%) | |
| COVID-19 misconceptions | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 1.47 (1.65) | .88 (1.23) | 1.30 (1.51) | 2.28 (1.85) | |
| More COVID-19 misconceptions | 29 (7.2%) | 3 (1.8%) | 6 (6.1%) | 20 (14.5%) | |
| Less COVID-19 misconceptions | 371 (92.8%) | 160 (98.2%) | 93 (93.9%) | 118 (85.5%) | |
| Child’s susceptibility to COVID-19 | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 4.06 (1.33) | 4.39 (1.06) | 4.37 (1.22) | 3.45 (1.49) | |
| Greater perceived susceptibility | 317 (79.3%) | 145 (89%) | 85 (85.9%) | 87 (63%) | |
| Less perceived susceptibility | 83 (20.8%) | 18 (11%) | 14 (14.1%) | 51 (37%) | |
| Severity of childhood COVID-19 infection | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.87 (1.06) | 4.17 (.96) | 4.03 (.96) | 3.41 (1.09) | |
| Greater perceived severity | 317 (79.3%) | 144 (88.3%) | 86 (86.9%) | 87 (63%) | |
| Less perceived severity | 83 (20.8%) | 19 (11.7%) | 13 (13.1%) | 51 (37%) | |
| General mistrust in vaccines | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.17 (1.24) | 2.41 (1.03) | 3.25 (.89) | 4.01 (1.14) | |
| Greater mistrust in vaccines | 211 (52.8%) | 38 (23.3%) | 60 (60.6%) | 113 (81.9%) | |
| Less mistrust in vaccines | 189 (47.3%) | 125 (76.7%) | 39 (39.4%) | 25 (18.1%) | |
| Safety and efficacy of pediatric COVID-19 vaccine | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.96 (1.19) | 4.79 (.89) | 3.97 (.80) | 2.98 (.95) | |
| Greater perceived safety and efficacy | 322 (80.5%) | 158 (96.6%) | 93 (93.9%) | 71 (51.4%) | |
| Less perceived safety and efficacy | 78 (19.5%) | 5 (3.1%) | 6 (6.1%) | 67 (48.6%) | |
| Community support for pediatric COVID-19 vaccination | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.26 (0.94) | 3.68 (0.86) | 3.23 (0.81) | 2.78 (0.89) | |
| Greater perceived community support | 315 (78.8%) | 148 (90.8%) | 81 (81.8%) | 86 (62.3%) | |
| Less perceived community support | 85 (21.3%) | 15 (9.2%) | 18 (18.2%) | 52 (37.7%) | |
| FDA approval influence on vaccination decision | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.99 (1.70) | 5.20 (.99) | 4.04 (1.17) | 2.52 (1.52) | |
| Greater influence of FDA approval | 261 (65.3%) | 154 (94.5%) | 72 (72.7%) | 35 (25.4%) | |
| Less influence of FDA approval | 139 (34.8%) | 9 (5.5%) | 27 (27.3%) | 103 (74.6%) | |
| Physician influence on vaccination decision | <0.001 * | ||||
| M (SD) | 3.88 (1.69) | 5.06 (.99) | 3.99 (1.30) | 2.39 (1.43) | |
| Greater influence of physician recommendation | 250 (62.5%) | 153 (93.6%) | 66 (66.7%) | 31 (22.5%) | |
| Less influence of physician recommendation | 150 (37.5%) | 10 (6.1%) | 33 (33.3%) | 107 (77.5%) | |
Note. Statistical tests: Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for parent age; Chi-square tests of independence for all other variables. * indicates significance, p < 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001.