| ASCVD | Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease |
| BA | Bile Acids |
| CMD | Cardio-metabolic disease |
| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| FXR | Farnesoid-X receptor |
| GIM | Gastro-intestinal microbiome |
| Holobiont | Superorganism of host and commensal microorganisms |
| LXR | Liver X receptor |
| Prebiotics | Food supplements or components that stimulate the health of the gut ecosystem |
| Probiotics | Living microorganisms believed to be beneficial to human health when ingested |
| SCFA | Short-chain fatty acid |
| Synbiotics | Food supplements containing both pre- and probiotics |
| TGR5 | Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 |
| TMAO | Trimethylamine N-oxide |