Table 6.
Comparison of outcome measures using the Stennert index (sum) and the Facial Disability index (total) between first and last visits *.
| Stennert Index, Sum | Facial Disability Index, Total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Visit Mean ± SD | Last Visit Mean ± SD | T, df | p | First Visit Mean ± SD | Last Visit Mean ± SD | T, df | p ** | |
| All | 4.8 ± 3.0 | 2.1 ± 2.7 | 28.8, 1073 | <0.0001 | 64.8 ± 16.6 | 76.0 ± 16.7 | −14.7, 604 | <0.0001 |
| Glucocorticoids | 5.1 ± 2.7 | 1.1 ± 2.1 | 32.1, 570 | <0.0001 | 68.3 ± 6.9 | 87.4 ± 70.1 | −82, 327 | 0.006 |
| Acyclovir | 5.6 ± 2.5 | 1.0 ± 2.0 | 32.1, 384 | <0.0001 | 68.7 ± 16.4 | 81.0 ± 15.0 | −5.2, 170 | <0.001 |
| Glucocorticoids± Acyclovir | 5.7 ± 2.5 | 1.0 ± 2.0 | 32.8, 380 | <0.0001 | 62.5 ± 19.4 | 80.5 ± 17.6 | −6.0, 180 | <0.0001 |
| Antibiotics | 5.6 ± 2.7 | 1.8 ± 2.9 | 10.0, 62 | <0.0001 | 65.9 ± 12.6 | 78.9 ± 27.4 | −3.8, 18 | 0.021 |
| Facial nerve reconstruction, any | 8.6 ± 1.7 | 6.8 ± 2.6 | 5.1, 48 | <0.0001 | 67.3 ± 16.7 | 71.3 ± 19.9 | −2.4, 32 | 0.019 |
| Facial–facial nerve suture | NA | NA | NA | NA | 74.25 ± 7.4 | 72.7.5 ± 8.7 | 3.0, 1 | 0.205 |
| Facial nerve interpositional graft | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 5.9 ± 3.0 | 2.1, 7 | 0.074 | 73.5 ± 7.4 | 73.5 ± 8.7 | 0, 3 | 1.000 |
| Hypoglossal–facial-nerve jump suture | 8.7 ± 1.3 | 6.8 ± 2.5 | 4.9, 40 | <0.0001 | 66.2 ± 16.2 | 77.5 ± 20.0 | −2.4, 28 | 0.020 |
| Sling plasty angle of the mouth | 8.2 ± 2.2 | 9.3 ± 1.3 | −2.5, 15 | 0.023 | 62.8 ± 14.3 | 52.4 ± 10.7 | 21.2, 13 | 0.056 |
| Eyelid surgery, any | 7.2 ± 2.9 | 6.1 ± 3.1 | 3.7, 91 | <0.0001 | 61.6 ± 17.1 | 64.0 ± 19.4 | −2.1, 52 | 0.042 |
| Upper eyelid weight | 7.7 ± 2.5 | 6.4 ± 3.0 | 4.1, 76 | <0.0001 | 61.2 ± 17.9 | 63.2 ± 20.6 | −1.8, 42 | 0.072 |
| Tarsorrhaphy | 7.0 ± 2.5 | 5.9 ± 2.8 | 0.9, 8 | 0.384 | 59.0 ± 14.7 | 62.1 ± 16.3 | −0.6, 7 | 0.550 |
| Kanthopexy | 7.8 ± 2.5 | 8.2 ± 2.3 | −0.4, 11 | 0.701 | 63.0 ± 13.7 | 42.3 ± 21.0 | 1.8, 5 | 0.135 |
| Brow plasty | 7.2 ± 3.1 | 6.7 ± 3.6 | 0.8, 21 | 0.451 | 67.1 ± 15.4 | 60.5 ± 23.8 | 0.8, 12 | 0.427 |
| Blepharoplasty | 4.4 ± 3.6 | 4.5 ± 2.8 | −0.1, 14 | 0.896 | 57.3 ± 17.3 | 65.3 ± 16.6 | −2.6, 12 | 0.025 |
| Lower lid plasty | 8.6 ± 1.9 | 7.8 ± 2.3 | 1.7, 24 | 0.100 | 59.5 ± 23.2 | 57.7 ± 25.2 | −1.4, 12 | 0.811 |
| Physical therapy/speech therapy | 5.9 ± 3.0 | 3.3 ± 3.0 | 7.9, 96 | <0.0001 | 62.5 ± 14.9 | 70.3 ± 19.4 | −5.4, 65 | 0.002 |
| Electrotherapy | 7.3 ± 2.3 | 5.9 ± 2.9 | 4.1, 52 | <0.0001 | 62.1 ± 15.9 | 70.8 ± 17.1 | 3.9, 46 | <0.0001 |
| Botulinumtoxin injection | 3.7 ± 2.9 | 2.3 ± 1.9 | 6.4, 159 | <0.0001 | 60.6 ± 15.9 | 72.0 ± 15.7 | −6.7, 110 | <0.0001 |
| Eye moisture chamber | 6.0 ± 2.4 | 1.3 ± 2.4 | 32.6, 434 | <0.0001 | 65.0 ± 17.8 | 65.0 ± 17.8 | −2.6, 87 | 0.010 |
| Eye drops/ointment | 5.9 ± 2.5 | 1.3 ± 2.4 | 32.1, 448 | <0.0001 | 65.7 ± 16.6 | 78.7 ± 16.6 | −7.7, 112 | <0.0001 |
| Facial exercises at home | 5.4 ± 2.6 | 1.0 ± 2.0 | 31.8, 452 | <0.0001 | 68.7 ± 16.1 | 80.8 ± 16.6 | −5.5, 85 | <0.0001 |
| Facial EMG biofeedback training | 3.8 ± 2.8 | 2,8 ± 2.0 | 7.3, 284 | <0.0001 | 63.1 ± 1.2 | 74.3 ± 15.3 | −10.2, 195 | <0.0001 |
* n = 1073 patients with at least two visits; ** significant p-values (p < 0.05) in bold; paired t-test; NA = not applicable; SD = standard deviation.