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. 2022 Jan 6;24(1):e28368. doi: 10.2196/28368

Table 2.

Summary of participant demographics by testing modality.

Demographic variable Modality (group)

F2Fa (n=41) RGTb (n=44) Total (N=85)
Age (years)



Mean (SD) 21.54 (2.26) 22.14 (2.05) 21.85 (2.16)

Range 18.11-29.22 18.51-26.83 18.11-29.22
Gender, n (%)



Female 29 (70.7) 33 (75) 62 (72.9)

Male 12 (29.3) 11 (25) 23 (27.1)
Ethnicity, n (%)



Chinese 34 (82.9) 36 (81.8) 70 (82.4)

Malay 4 (9.8) 6 (13.6) 10 (11.8)

Indian 2 (4.9) 2 (4.5) 4 (4.7)

Not reported 1 (2.4) 0 (0) 1 (1.2)
Income by dwelling, n (%)



Lower 13 (31.7) 16 (36.4) 29 (36.3)

Higher 24 (58.5) 27 (61.4) 51 (63.7)

Not reported 4 (9.8) 1 (2.3) 5 (5.9)
Highest education level, n (%)



Secondary School 27 (65.9) 23 (52.3) 50 (58.8)

Bachelor’s Degree 12 (29.3) 16 (36.4) 28 (32.9)

Not reported 2 (4.9) 5 (11.4) 7 (8.2)
Handedness, n (%)



Right-handed 38 (92.7) 42 (95.5) 80 (94.1)

Left-handed 2 (4.9) 2 (4.5) 4 (4.7)

Not reported 1 (2.4) 0 (0) 1 (1.2)

aF2F: face-to-face.

bRGT:remote guided testing.