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. 2022 Jan 13;13(1):86. doi: 10.3390/insects13010086

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The diversity of bacterial communities in Dryocosmus kuriphilus, Torymus sinensis, D. kuriphilus galls and the galled twigs of Castanea mollissima. (a) The bacterial α-diversity of D. kuriphilus, T. sinensis, D. kuriphilus galls and galled twigs at the species level, as measured by the Shannon index. ** indicates a significant difference (p < 0.01). (b) The bacterial community structures of D. kuriphilus, T. sinensis, D. kuriphilus galls and the galled twigs based on the weighted UniFrac distance at the species level using Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). The horizontal and vertical axes indicate the first and second principal coordinates (PCoA1 and PCoA2, respectively). The percentage indicates the proportion of the total variation explained by each principal coordinate. The ellipses represent the 95% confidence intervals around the centroid for D. kuriphilus, T. sinensis, D. kuriphilus galls and the galled twigs. DryK, TorS, InsG and CasM represent D. kuriphilus, T. sinensis, D. kuriphilus galls and the galled twigs of C. mollissima, respectively.