Table 2.
Efficacy and safety of the third dose of COVID-19 vaccine among solid organ transplant recipients.
| Author (Month Year) | Primary Outcome | Time from 3rd Vaccine to Outcome Measuring | Primary Outcome Measuring Technique | Seropositive Rate (%) | Secondary Outcome | Secondary Outcome Results | Factors Associated with Reduced Response | Safety |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hall (Sep 2021) | Serologic response | One month | Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys®) | 55% | 1. The median percent virus neutralization 2. The polyfunctional T-cell response |
1. 71% 2. The median SARS-CoV-2–specific T-cell counts were greater, with a minimal polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell response |
Local and systemic events were slightly more common after the third dose of mRNA-1273. No grade 3 or 4 events and no cases of acute rejection occurred. | |
| Masset (Aug 2021) | Serologic response | One month | Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (Abbott Architect®) or chemiluminescence immunoassay (Siemens Atellica®), or electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys®) | 69.2% | Antibody titer concentration | Low antibody titers (median 209, IQR (20-409) AU/mL) | 1. Lymphocyte count < 1500/mm3 2. Impairment of allograft function 3. Female recipients |
|
| Benotmane (Jul 2021) | Serologic response | 28 days (IQR, 27–33) | Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (Abbott Architect®) | 49% | 1. Patients without an antibody response 2. Patients receiving tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and steroids |
No severe adverse events were observed after the third dose. | ||
| Chavarot (Aug 2021) | Serologic response | 28 days (IQR, 28-33) | Chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (Abbott Architect®) | 6.4% | No patient presented severe systemic events. | |||
| Del Bello (Jul 2021) | Serologic response | Four weeks | Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise) | 67.9% | 1. Older patients 2. Patients receiving mycophenolic acid, belatacept 3. Patients receiving at least a triple immunosuppression |
No serious adverse event or acute rejection episode was observed. | ||
| Werbel (Sep 2021) | Serologic response | 14 days (IQR, 14–17) |
Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys® or Quantitative ELISA (EUROIMMUN) | 46.6% | No patient presented severe systemic events. One heart transplant recipient had a biopsy-proven, antibody- mediated rejection seven days after the third dose in the setting of acute volume overload. |
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| Westhoff (Sep 2021) | Serologic response | Two weeks | Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (Roche Elecsys®) | 60% | 1. Antibody titer concentration 2. Reactive T cells response |
1. Median antibody titer concentration of 542 (IQR, 478–923) U/mL 2. A substantial increase in the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein–reactive T-cell immunity in 90% of subjects |