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. 2021 Dec 29;15(1):45. doi: 10.3390/ph15010045

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic representation of Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment (SELEX) process employed for shortlisting high-affinity aptamers specific to mycobacterial EVs. Aptamer library was first (step 1) negatively selected on a blank nitrocellulose membrane (NCM). The bound aptamers (step 2a) were discarded, and unbound aptamers (step 2b) were taken forward to screen for high-affinity binders to Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm) EVs (step 3). The bound high-affinity binders were then eluted and amplified (step 4). Steps 1 to 4 were followed for an additional six rounds of SELEX to shortlist the best binders to mEVs. Finally, the shortlisted binders were cloned (step 5) and sequenced (step 6).