Table 2.
Potential dietary and blood determinants of HS in the total and VOB-stratified participants 1,2.
| Independent Variables | Dependent Variables of Hepatic Steatosis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Subjects | VOB | Non-VOB | ||||
| β | p Value | β | p Value | β | p Value | |
| Dietary intakes | ||||||
| Folate, DFE μg/day | 0.20 | 0.02 * | 0.24 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.5 |
| Choline, mg/day | −0.22 | 0.05 | -0.41 | 0.01 * | 0.05 | 0.8 |
| Betaine, mg/day | -0.04 | 0.6 | -0.01 | 0.9 | −0.13 | 0.4 |
| Lipid, g/day | 0.14 | 0.1 | 0.18 | 0.1 | −0.20 | 0.5 |
| Carbohydrate, g/day | 0.11 | 0.3 | 0.12 | 0.4 | −0.25 | 0.7 |
| Energy, Kcal/day | −0.17 | 0.3 | -0.04 | 0.8 | 0.27 | 0.8 |
| Fiber, g/day | −0.07 | 0.4 | -0.13 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 0.9 |
| Blood metabolic markers | ||||||
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 0.28 | <0.001 *** | 0.32 | <0.001 *** | 0.15 | 0.09 |
| HOMA-IR index | 0.28 | <0.001 *** | 0.29 | 0.004 ** | 0.54 | <0.001 *** |
| Homocysteine, uM | 0.06 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.8 | -0.04 | 0.6 |
1 Linear regression models were constructed to evaluate the determinants of HS (sonography-graded fatty liver: 0 = no, 1 = mild; ≥2 = moderate/sever) in the total and visceral obesity (VOB)-stratified subgroups (visceral adiposity grade > 10). Differences were considered to be statistically significant at * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001. 2 Multivariables linear regression models were adjusted for age, sex and BMI. Abbreviations: DFE, dietary folate equivalent.