Table 1.
Demographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics of patients with severe WNV NID.
| Characteristic. | n = 23 (% or Range) |
|---|---|
| Demographics | |
| Age, median (range) years | 72 (33–84) |
| Male gender, n (%) | 18 (78.3) |
| Area of residence | |
| Urban, n (%) | 16 (69.6) |
| Suburban/rural, n (%) | 5 (21.7) |
| Imported infections, n (%) | 2 (8.7) |
| Patients with comorbidities | 22 (95.6) |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 19 (82.6) |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 9 (39.1) |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 4 (17.8) |
| Kidney transplant, n (%) | 3 (13.0) |
| Date of admittance (range) | 21 July–13 September |
| TBE/YF/JE vaccination | 0 (0) |
| Clinical presentation | |
| Meningitis, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Encephalitis, n (%) | 13 (56.5) |
| Encephalitis + AFP, n (%) | 10 (43.5) |
| Isolated AFP, n (%) | 0 (0) |
| Signs and symptoms at presentation | |
| Fever, n (%) | 23 (100) |
| Fever (°C), mean ± SD | 39.3 ± 0.6 |
| Consciousness impairment, n (%) | 18 (78.3%) |
| GCS, median (range) | 10 (3–15) |
| Headache, n (%) | 10 (43.5) |
| Tremor, n (%) | 6 (26.1) |
| Diarrhea, n (%) | 4 (17.4) |
| Days to hospitalization, median (range) | 4 (1–13) |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 12 (52.2) |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation, median days (range) | 12 (5–73) |
WNV NID = West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease; TBE = tick-borne encephalitis; YF = yellow fever; JE = Japanese encephalitis; AFP = acute flaccid paralysis; SD = standard deviation; GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale.