Table 1.
Comparison of preoperative recipient clinical factors between the non-AKI and AKI groups.
| Group | Non-AKI | AKI | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 472 | 145 | |
| Preoperative recipient factor | |||
| Age (years) | 54 (48–59) | 52 (48–58) | 0.297 |
| Sex (male) | 324 (68.6%) | 108 (74.5%) | 0.180 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24 (22–26) | 24 (22–28) | 0.118 |
| Etiology | |||
| Alcohol | 84 (17.8%) | 37 (25.5%) | 0.268 |
| Hepatitis A | 18 (3.8%) | 8 (5.5%) | |
| Hepatitis B | 270 (57.2%) | 79 (54.5%) | |
| Hepatitis C | 37 (7.8%) | 8 (5.5%) | |
| Autoimmune | 23 (4.9%) | 3 (2.1%) | |
| Drug & Toxin | 10 (2.1%) | 2 (1.4%) | |
| Cryptogenic | 30 (6.4%) | 8 (5.5%) | |
| Comorbidity | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 114 (24.2%) | 48 (33.1%) | 0.032 |
| Hypertension | 95 (20.1%) | 30 (20.7%) | 0.883 |
| MELD score (point) | 12 (6–23) | 17 (10–25) | 0.007 |
| Hepatic decompensation | |||
| Encephalopathy (West-Haven criteria I or II) |
38 (8.1%) | 17 (11.7%) | 0.175 |
| Varix | 111 (23.5%) | 39 (26.9%) | 0.407 |
| Ascites | 209 (44.3%) | 83 (57.2%) | 0.006 |
| Cardiac function | |||
| Ejection fraction (%) | 64 (62–67) | 64 (62–67) | 0.303 |
| Diastolic dysfunction | 193 (40.9%) | 65 (44.8%) | 0.4 |
| Renal function | |||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 90.5 (77.0–114.1) | 87.4 (74.1–117.2) | 0.832 |
| Laboratory variables | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10 (8.4–12) | 9.4 (8.1–10.8) | 0.008 |
| WBC count (×109/L) | 4.3 (2.8–6.8) | 4.6 (3.1–8) | 0.249 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.1 (2.7–3.6) | 2.9 (2.6–3.3) | 0.001 |
| Platelet count (×109/L) | 67.5 (47–110) | 55 (39–77) | <0.001 |
| International normalized ratio | 1.4 (1.2–2.1) | 1.6 (1.3–2.1) | 0.025 |
| Activated partial thrombin time (sec) |
35.3 (28.5–51) | 33.5 (29–46) | 0.156 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 3 (0.8–6.5) | 5.4 (2.5–9.8) | <0.001 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 139 (135–142) | 138 (135–141) | 0.078 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4 (3.7–4.3) | 4 (3.6–4.3) | 0.362 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.4 (8–8.8) | 8.4 (7.9–8.8) | 0.307 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 108 (91–139) | 112 (96–142) | 0.218 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.589 |
| Ammonia (μg/dL) | 95 (65–148) | 105 (68–160) | 0.442 |
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MELD, Model for End-stage Liver Disease; WBC, white blood cell. NOTE: Values are medians (ranges) or numbers (percentages).