Table 1.
Summary of bacterial AB-type toxins and representative organisms discussed in this review.
| Toxin Type | Bacterium | References |
|---|---|---|
| AB: | ||
| Botulinum toxin | Clostridium botulinum | [22,23] |
| Clostridium baratii | ||
| Clostridium butyricum | ||
| Clostridium argentinense | ||
| Diphtheria toxin | Corynebacterium diphtheriae | [24,25,26,27] |
| Pseudomonas exotoxin A | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | [28,29,30] |
| AB2: | ||
| Cytolethal distending toxin (CTD) | Several Gram-negatives | [31,32,33,34,35] |
| Campylobacter jejuni | ||
| Escherichia coli | ||
| Shigella spp. | ||
| Salmonella enterica Typhi | ||
| Haemophilius ducreyi | ||
| Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans | ||
| Helicobacter spp. | ||
| AB5: | ||
| Cholera toxin (CT) | Vibrio cholerae | [36,37,38,39,40] |
| Pertussis toxin (Ptx) | Bordetella pertussis | [41,42,43,44] |
| ADP-ribosylating toxin (ArtAB) | Salmonella enterica | [45,46,47,48,49,50] |
| Typhimurium | ||
| Salmonella enterica Typhi | ||
| EcPlt | Extra-intestinal E. coli | [51,52] |
| Heat-labile toxin (LT-I and LT-II) | Enterotoxigenic E. coli | [53,54] |
| EcxAB | Clinical strains of E. coli | [55,56] |
| CfxAB | Citrobacter freundii | [55,56] |
| Subtilase (SubAB) | Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) | [57,58,59,60,61] |
| Shiga toxins (Stx1 and Stx2) |
STEC | [62,63,64,65,66,67] |
| Shigella dysenteriae types I and 4 | ||
| Shigella sonnei | ||
| Shigella flexneri | ||
| C. freundii |