OH	hydroxyl radical
1O2	singlet oxygen, singlet oxygen
2-OH-E+	2-hydroxyethidium
3-OH-Kyn	3-Hydroxykynurenine
ABA	p-aminobenzoic acid
ABDA	9,10-anthracenediyl-bis(methylene)dimalonic acid
AGEs	advanced glycation endproducts
Amplex® Red	N-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine
AMS	4-acetamido-4‘-maleimidylstilbene-2,2disulfonate
APF	3′-(p-Aminophenyl) fluorescein
Arg	arginine
ATTA-Eu3+	[4′-(9-anthryl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine-6,6″diyl]bis(methylenenitrilo)tetrakis(acetate)-Eu3+
AUC	analytical ultracentrifugation
BMPO	3,4-dihydro-2-methyl-1,1-dimethylethyl ester-2H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid-1-oxide
CAD	charged aerosol detector
CD	circular dichroism
CDR	complementary determining region
CE	capillary electrophoresis
CEX	cation-exchange chromatography, cation-exchange chromatography
CID	collision-induced dissociation
CML	ε-N-carboxymethyllysine
Cys	cysteine
cytc	cytochrome c
DBZTC	2-chloro-1,3-dibenzothiazolinecyclohexene
DHE	dihydroethidium
dimedione	5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cycloheandione
di-Trp	ditryptophan
di-Tyr	dityrosine
DMPO	5,5-Dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide
DNPH	2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
DOPA	3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine
DPAX	9-[2-(3-carboxy-9,10-diphenyl)anthryl]-6-hydroxy-3H-xanthen-3-one
DPBF	1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran
DTNB	5,5’-disulfanediylbis(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
DTT	dithiothreitol
E+	ethidium
ECD	electron capture dissociation
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ELSD	evaporative light scattering detection
EP	endoperoxide
EPR	electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy
ESI	electrospray-ionization
ETD	electron-transfer dissociation
FA	fatty acid
FMA	fluorescence micelle assay
FOX	ferrous oxidation−xylenol orange
FTIR	Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
GC	gas chromatography
Gly	glycin
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HDX	Hydrogen-Deuterium exchange
HDX-MS	hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry
HIC	hydrophobic-interaction chromatography, hydrophobic-interaction chromatography
His	histidine
HMW	high molecular weight species
HOO·	hydroperoxyl radical
HPF	3′-(p-Hydroxyphenyl) fluorescein
HPLC	high performance liquid chromatography
HRP	horseradish peroxidase
HTPA	2-hydroxyl terephthalic acid
ICG	indocyanine green
ICH	International Conference on Harmonization
Kyn	kynurenine
LC-MS	liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry
LOD	limit of detection
Lys	lysine
MALDI	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization
Met	methionine
MS	mass spectrometry
NADH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NBT	nitro blue tetrazolium
NFK	N-Formyl kynurenine
NIR	near-infrared
NMR	nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
NPN	N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine
O2−	superoxide anions, superoxide anions
PEO	poly(ethylene oxide)
Phe	phenylalanine
POE	polyoxyethylen
PPO	poly(propylene oxide)
PS	polysorbates
PTM	post translational modification
R·	organic radicals, carbon-centered radical, carbon-centered radical
RO·	alkoxyl radical, alkoxyl radical
ROO·	peroxide radical
ROOH	organic hydroperoxide, organic hydroperoxide
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RP	reversed phase, reversed phase
SDS-PAGE	sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SEC	size-exclusion chromatography
sen	photo-sensitizer
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SOSG©	singlet oxygen sensor green
TBARS	thiobarbituric acid
TBT	2-(2-thienyl)benzothiazoline
TEMP	2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine
TMB	3,5,3′,5′-tetramethylbenzidine
TNB	5-mercapto-2-nitrobenzoic acid
TPA	terephthalic acid
TPP	triphenylphosphine
TPPO	triphosphine oxide
Trp	tryptophan
Tyr	tyrosine