Histopathological analysis of the acini zones in the liver of fatal yellow fever human cases and normal controls (flavivirus negative using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and/or immunohistochemistry). Z3, Z2, Z1, and PT in the hepatic parenchyma of fatal cases affected by YFV and control. (A) Area of necrosis with haemorrhagic foci in A-Z3, A-Z2, and A-Z1 (black circles). Steatosis (yellow arrow) in Z2. Massive presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the PT (black circle). (B) Preservation of the hepatic parenchyma (Z3, Z2, Z1, and PT) in control cases (red circles). Z3: Centrolobular zone; Z2: Midzonal zone; Z1: Periportal zone; PT: Portal tract; p ≤ 0.0001. 400×, scale bar (20 µm).