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. 2022 Jan 1;14(1):28. doi: 10.3390/toxins14010028

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Bioaccessibility of AFB1 (a) and OTA (b) during semi-dynamic gastro-duodenal digestion. The graphs represent the cumulative release of AFB1 and OTA in each gastric emptying and respective duodenal digestion when digested isolated or as a mixture. (c) Mycotoxins’ distribution along intestinal emptying (IE1 to IE5) and the content that remained in the non-bioaccessible fraction (NBIO). Data are presented as the mean ± SD of four replicates (n = 4). Parametric (t-test) or non-parametric (Mann–Whitney) statistical tests were applied to compare AFB1 or OTA release, isolated or in combination, and statistical differences are indicated as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001. E1 to E5 mean emptying 1 to emptying 5.