Table 4.

Effect of non-bioaccessible mycotoxins on the maximal optical density (MOD), growth rate, and lag time of Lactobacillus casei BL23 and Bifidobacterium lactis ATCC 27536 strains. Data are presented as the mean ± SD of four replicates (n = 4). Differences between meals with mycotoxins (AFB1, OTA, or MIX) in relation to the control meal are indicated as * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.

Lactobacillus casei
NBIO		AFB1	OTA	MIX	Control
0.5%	MOD	3.128 ± 0.036	3.114 ± 0.034	3.176 ± 0.040	3.132 ± 0.023
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.4502 ± 0.014	0.4574 ± 0.014	0.453 ± 0.015	0.4735 ± 0.010
	Lag time (h)	5.29 ± 0.137	5.228 ± 0.131	5.326 ± 0.149	5.298 ± 0.088
1%	MOD	3.23 ± 0.038	3.235 ± 0.024	3.122 ± 0.052 *	3.202 ± 0.032
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.3527 ± 0.009 ****	0.5211 ± 0.011 ***	0.3659 ± 0.014 ****	0.4555 ± 0.012
	Lag time (h)	4.92 ± 0.147 **	5.44 ± 0.084	4.863 ± 0.210 **	5.39 ± 0.121
2%	MOD	2.364 ± 0.169 ***	3.104 ± 0.026 **	2.946 ± 0.061	2.924 ± 0.059
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.131 ± 0.006 ****	0.3696 ± 0.007 ****	0.228 ± 0.006	0.24 ± 0.007
	Lag time (h)	1.141 ± 1.049 ***	5.383 ± 0.103 **	4.308 ± 0.258	4.398 ± 0.256
Bifidobacterium lactis
NBIO		AFB1	OTA	MIX	Control
0.5%	MOD	7.078 ± 0.025 *	6.788 ± 0.041 ***	7.013 ± 0.030	7.014 ± 0.026
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.7646 ± 0.006	0.7319 ± 0.009	0.7569 ± 0.007	0.764 ± 0.006
	Lag time (h)	5.858 ± 0.044	5.808 ± 0.074	5.844 ± 0.053	5.88 ± 0.046
1%	MOD	7.078 ± 0.025 *	6.788 ± 0.041 ****	7.013 ± 0.030	7.014 ± 0.026
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.7646 ± 0.006	0.7319 ± 0.009 **	0.7569 ± 0.007	0.764 ± 0.006
	Lag time (h)	5.858 ± 0.044	5.808 ± 0.074	5.844 ± 0.053	5.88 ± 0.046
2%	MOD	5.585 ± 0.042 ****	6.224 ± 0.058 ***	6.095 ± 0.087	5.978 ± 0.050
	Growth rate (μmax) (h−1)	0.5585 ± 0.008 ****	0.6715 ± 0.013	0.6742 ± 0.021	0.6902 ± 0.013
	Lag time (h)	5.689 ± 0.092 ****	6.281 ± 0.115 *	6.289 ± 0.173	6.515 ± 0.101