Table 1.
Description and genetic characteristics of MRSA strains isolated from hospital wastewaters in Portugal.
| Isolate | Hospital (Treated/Untreated Wastewater) | Antimicrobial Resistance | Virulence Factors | Molecular Typing | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenotype | Genotype | IEC Type | Other Genes | ST (CC) | spa | SCCmec | agr | ||
| VS2932 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN,CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermA | B | hld | 105 | t10682 | II | II |
| VS2933 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, ERY, CLI, FUS | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2934 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, ERY | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2935 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, TOB, ERY, CLI, FUS | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | hld, tst | 22 (22) | t6966 | IV | I |
| VS2936 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, KAN, TOB, ERY, CLI, TET, CHL, FUS, TRS | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC, tetL, catpC221, dfrA | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2937 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | hld | 22 (22) | t020 | IV | I |
| VS2938 | Vila Real (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2939 | Vila Real (Treated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermC | - | hld | 22 (22) | t020 | IV | I |
| VS2940 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, ERY | mecA, blaZ, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′’)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermB, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2941 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, LNZ, GEN | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, tetL | - | hld, tst | 22 (22) | t19963 | IV | I |
| VS2942 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, KAN, ERY, CLI, FUS | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2943 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermC | B | hld, tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2944 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY, CLI, FUS | mecA, blaZ, ermC | - | hlb, hld, tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2945 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY, TET | mecA, blaZ, ermC, tetM | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2946 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, KAN, TOB, ERY, CLI, TET, FUS, TRS | mecA, blaZ, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′’)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermB, ermC, tetL, dfrG | - | hlb, hld | 22 (22) | t6966 | IV | I |
| VS2947 | Chaves (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2948 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2949 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2950 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, ERY | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2951 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, TOB, ERY | mecA, blaZ, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′’)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermB, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t1302 | IVc | I |
| VS2952 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, KAN, TOB, ERY, CLI, TET, CHL, FUS, TRS | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermB, ermC, tetL, dfrG, dfrA,catpC221 | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2953 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | hld, tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2954 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, ERY | mecA, blaZ, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC | B | hld, tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2955 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY | mecA, blaZ, ermC | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IVc | I |
| VS2956 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, ERY, FUS | mecA, blaZ, ermC | B | tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2957 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP, GEN, KAN, ERY, CLI, FUS | mecA, blaZ, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′’)-Ia, aph(3′)-IIIa, ermC, ermA | D | hld, tst | 8 | t008 | IV | I |
| VS2958 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | hld | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
| VS2959 | Lamego (Untreated) | BEN, CXI, CIP | mecA, blaZ | B | tst | 22 (22) | t747 | IV | I |
Abbreviations: CXI: cefoxitin; BEN: penicillin; ERY: erythromycin; CLI: clindamycin; GEN: gentamicin; KAN: kanamycin; TOB: tobramycin; CIP: ciprofloxacin; FUS: fusidic acid; TET: tetracycline; CHL: chloramphenicol; TRS: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; MLST: multilocus sequence typing; ST: sequence type; CC: clonal complex; SCCmec: staphylococcal cassette chromosome; IEC: immune evasion cluster.