AACS	abdominal aorta calcification score
AC	aortic calcifications
aBMD	areal bone mineral density
AF	atrial fibrillation
AS	arterial stiffness
AVC	aortic valve calcification
BMP-2	bone morphogenetic protein-2
CAC	coronary artery calcification
cfPWV	carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity
CHD	coronary heart disease
CI	Confidence Interval
CIMT	carotid intimal medial thickness
CKD cMGP	chronic kidney disease carboxylated matrix Gla protein
CUA	calcific uremic arteriolopathy
CVD	cardiovascular disease
dp-cMGP	dephosphorylated-carboxylated MGP
dp-ucMGP	dephosphorylated-uncarboxylated MGP
EPCs	endothelial progenitor cells
ESRD	end-stage renal disease
EVA	early vascular ageing
Gla Glu HR	γ-carboxyglutamate glutamate hazard ratio
MGP	Matrix Gla Protein
MK-4	menaquinone-4
NOACs	novel oral anticoagulants
NRF2	erythroid 2–related factor 2
OC	osteocalcin
PIVKAII	hepatic protein induced by vitamin K absence-II
PD	peritoneal dialysis
PTH	parathyroid hormone
p-ucMGP	phosphorylated ucMGP
RCTs	randomized controlled trials
sHR	sub-hazard ratio
t-ucMGP	total uncarboxylated Matrix Gla Protein
ucMGP	uncarboxylated Matrix Gla Protein
ucOC	undercarboxylated osteocalcin
VC	vascular calcification
VD	vitamin D
VK	vitamin K
VK1	vitamin K1
VK2	vitamin K2
VKA	Vitamin K Antagonist
VKDP(s)	VK-dependent protein(s)
VKOR	vitamin K epoxide reductase
VS	vascular stiffness
VSMC	vascular smooth muscle cells