Table 1.
General characteristics of the included studies with case–control and cross-sectional design
| First author | Study design | pub year | country | Continent | Method | Type of sample | Case | Positive (case) | Control | Positive (control) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sorlozanoa et al. [14] | Case–control | 2011 | Spain | Europe | Nested PCR | Frozen | 85 | 8 | 51 | 7 |
| Polese et al. [15] | Case–control | 2011 | Italy | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 114 | 81 | 140 | 108 |
| Cai et al. [16] | Case–control | 2011 | Italy | Europe | PCR | Not indicated | 78 | 51 | 59 | 21 |
| Barghi et al. [17] | Cross-sectional | 2012 | Iran | Asia | PCR | FFPE | 82 | 24 | ||
| Panagiotakis et al. [18] | Case–control | 2012 | Greece | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 30 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
| Chapman-Fredricks et al. [19] | Cross-sectional | 2013 | USA | America | ISH | FFPE | 14 | 0 | ||
| Chapman-Fredricks et al. [19] | Cross-sectional | 2013 | USA | America | Hologic | FFPE | 14 | 3 | ||
| Shigehara et al. [20] | Cross-sectional | 2013 | Japan | Asia | PCR | FFPE | 84 | 5 | ||
| Berrada et al. [21] | Case–control | 2013 | Morocco | Africa | Nested PCR | Frozen | 43 | 22 | 5 | 0 |
| Alexander et al. [22] | Cross-sectional | 2014 | China | Asia | ISH | FFPE | 36 | 0 | ||
| Borkowska et al. [23] | Cross-sectional | 2014 | Poland | Europe | Array | Not indicated | 104 | 14 | ||
| Golovina et al. [24] | Cross-sectional | 2014 | Russia | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 35 | 16 | ||
| Kim et al. [25] | Case–control | 2014 | Korea | Asia | Array | FFPE | 35 | 6 | 12 | 1 |
| Pichler et al. [26] | Cross-sectional | 2015 | Austria | Oceania | PCR | FFPE | 186 | 4 | ||
| Schmid et al. [27] | Case–control | 2015 | Germany | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 109 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| Anwar et al. [28] | Case–control | 2015 | Pakistan | Asia | PCR | FFPE | 114 | 16 | 107 | 2 |
| Golovina et al. [29] | Cross-sectional | 2016 | Russia | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 101 | 38 | ||
| Jorgensena et al. [30] | Cross-sectional | 2018 | Denmark | Europe | INNO-LiPA | FFPE | 100 | 12 | ||
| Llewellyn et al. [31] | Cross-sectional | 2018 | UK | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 689 | 1 | ||
| Uttam et al. [32] | Cross-sectional | 2018 | India | Asia | PCR | FFPE/Frozen | 50 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Abdollahzadeh et al. [33] | Case–control | 2018 | Iran | Asia | IHC | FFPE | 67 | 15 | 30 | 1 |
| Javanmard et al. [34] | Cross-sectional | 2019 | Iran | Asia | PCR | FFPE | 110 | 89 | ||
| Sarier et al. [35] | Case–control | 2019 | Turkey | Europe | PCR | Frozen | 69 | 20 | 69 | 6 |
| Collins et al. [36] | Cross-sectional | 2020 | USA | America | ISH | FFPE | 33 | 0 | ||
| Gordetsky et al. [37] | Cross-sectional | 2020 | USA | America | ISH | FFPE | 207 | 1 | ||
| Moghadam et al. [38] | Cross-sectional | 2020 | Iran | Asia | PCR | FFPE | 106 | 24 | ||
| Yan et al. [39] | Cross-sectional | 2020 | China | Asia | NGS | Frozen | 146 | 42 | ||
| Yildizhan et al. [40] | Case–control | 2020 | Turkey | Europe | PCR | FFPE | 113 | 4 | 99 | 9 |