Figure 1.
Observed and expected growth inhibition of H. akashiwo exposed to single and binary mixtures of NPs. (a) Observed toxicity of single NPs. (b) Comparison between the observed and expected toxicity of binary mixtures of NPs. Po = observed toxicity (growth inhibition); Pe = expected toxicity (growth inhibition); ant = antagonistic; syn = synergistic; add = additive; *** = p < 0.0001; ns = nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Growth inhibition was calculated compared with the control, where 0% is no observed effect and 100% is the death of all the cells.