Table 1.
The baseline characteristics of included studies
| References | Year | Country | Study | Anesthetic agent | Treatment | Patients | Age | Sex(M/F) | Control | Patients | Age | Sex(M/F) | Follow up | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tao [18] | 2020 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine | PKP + FJB | 31 | 74.48 | 10/21 | PKP | 29 | 77.52 | 11/19 | 1 mon | H |
| Zhang [17] | 2018 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine + steroid | PKP + FJB | 56 | NA | NA | PKP | 56 | NA | NA | 3 mon | H |
| Li [16] | 2016 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine + steroid | PVP + FJB | 19 | 84.6 | 5/14 | PVP | 23 | 85.7 | 7/16 | 4–18 mon | H |
| Zhang [15] | 2021 | China | RCT | Lidocaine + steroid | PVP + FJB | 34 | 78.32 | 19/14 | PVP | 34 | 78.65 | 20/14 | 6 mon | L |
| Wang [14] | 2019 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine + steroid | PKP + FJB | 36 | 76.14 | 15/21 | PKP | 36 | 75.86 | 14/22 | 1 mon | H |
| Li [10] | 2021 | China | Cohort study | Ropivacaine + steroid + vitamin B12 | PKP + FJB | 83 | 65.3 | 29/54 | PKP | 88 | 66.8 | 32/56 | 12 mon | H |
| Cheng [7] | 2020 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine + steroid | PKP + FJB | 79 | 72.9 | 12/67 | PKP | 125 | 70.8 | 25/100 | 12 mon | H |
| Luo [19] | 2020 | China | Cohort study | Lidocaine + mecobalamin | FJB | 23 | 75.79 | 5/18 | PKP | 23 | 75.47 | 4/19 | 12 mon | H |
| Wang [8] | 2016 | China | RCT | Lidocaine + steroid | FJB | 106 | 62.59 | 22/84 | PVP | 100 | 63.68 | 19/81 | 12 mon | H |
| Bae [9] | 2018 | USA | Cohort study | Lidocaine + steroid | FJB | 72 | 73.1 | 19/53 | PVP | 92 | 76.7 | 24/68 | 24 mon | H |
RCT, randomized controlled trial; PKP, percutaneous kyphoplasty; PVP, percutaneous vertebroplasty; FJB, facet joint block; NA, not available; Mon, month; H, high; L, low