Table 4.
Correlates of positive screens for psychiatric disorders in 8–11-year-old children
| Screened negative (n = 495; 68.37%) | Screened positive (n = 229; 31.63%) | Unadjusted OR [CI] | Adjusted OR [CI] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Count (%) | Count (%) | |||
| Agea | 9.31 (1.14) | 9.28 (1.17) | 0.977 [0.852, 1.120] | 0920 [0.785, 1.078] |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 254 (51.33) | 114 (49.78) | ||
| Female | 241 (48.67) | 115 (50.22) | 1.064 [0.778, 1.455] | 1.166 [0.809, 1.679] |
| Total monthly family income | ||||
| Prefer not to answer | 50 (10.1) | 36 (15.76) | ||
| Up to 1000$ | 180 (36.36) | 129 (56.29) | 0.992 [0.611, 1.610] | 0.705 [0.410, 1.213] |
| 1000–2000$ | 204 (41.15) | 48 (20.97) | 0.327 [0.192, 0.556]*** | 0.402 [0.225,0720]* |
| More than 2000$ | 61 (12.4) | 16 (6.98) | 0.361 [0.180, 0.724]* | 0.381 [0.180, 0.806]* |
| Parental marital status | ||||
| Not married | 28 (5.58) | 15 (6.48) | 1.171 [0.611, 2.247] | |
| Married | 467 (94.42) | 214 (93.52) | ||
| Mother's employment | ||||
| Unemployed | 363 (73.37) | 164 (72.9) | ||
| Unemployed | 132 (26.63) | 61 (27.1) | 0.977 [0.685, 1.393] | |
| Father's employment | ||||
| Employed | 463 (93.56) | 212 (92.72) | ||
| Prefer not to answer | 32 (6.44) | 17 (7.28) | 0.875 [0.474, 1.618] | |
| Mother's education | ||||
| Elementary or less | 46 (9.31) | 37 (16.21) | ||
| High school or less | 344 (70.33) | 156 (68.5) | 0.559 [0.348, 0.898]* | |
| University or more | 100 (20.36) | 35 (15.29) | 0.431[0.241, 0.770]* | |
| Father's education | ||||
| Elementary or less | 83 (16.99) | 67 (29.46) | ||
| High school or less | 320 (65.46) | 131 (57.71) | 0.508 [0.347, 0.744]*** | |
| University or more | 86 (17.55) | 29 (12.83) | 0.422 [0.248, 0.716]** | |
| Mother not living at home | 15 (2.98) | 8 (3.52) | 1.189 [0.496, 2.847] | |
| Father not living at home | 50 (10.08) | 39 (16.98) | 1.825[1.161, 2.869]* | 1.3455 [0.867,2.441] |
| Total number of individuals living at homea | 5.00 (1.66) | 5.14 (1.82) | 1.050 [0.959, 1.150] | |
| Parental assessment of child's academic performance at school | ||||
| Good—passes all classes without any problems | 416 (84.06) | 162 (70.92) | ||
| Acceptable—does well but has occasional difficulties with some subjects | 74 (14.98) | 53 (22.93) | 1.815 [1.220, 2.700]* | 1.380 [0.860,2.214] |
| Sub-optimal—fails some subjects or classes | 5 (0.97) | 14 (6.14) | 7.541 [2.630, 21.619]*** | 2.594 [0.816, 8.245] |
| Repeated at least one school grade | 35 (6.99) | 40 (17.36) | 2.797 [1.720, 4.547]*** | |
| Ever received home tutoring | 43 (8.78) | 38 (16.52) | 2.055[1.288, 3.279]* | |
| Ever received accommodation at school | 12 (2.41) | 12 (5.23) | 2.239 [0.988, 5.070] | |
| Chronic physical illness | 24 (4.92) | 40 (17.58) | 4.119 [2.408, 7.047]*** | 1.945 [1.052, 3.595]* |
| Positive psychiatric family history | 10 (2.02) | 23 (10.04) | 5.415 [2.532, 11.580]*** | 1.819 [0.765, 4.323] |
| GHQ total scorea | 15.47 (9.45) | 23.1 (12.05) | 1.070 [1.052, 1.087]*** | 1.058 [1.038, 1.078]*** |
| PRQ bully scorea | 1.01 (1.59) | 1.21 (1.84) | 1.072 [0.979,1.174] | |
| PRQ victim scorea | 1.05 (1.54) | 2.06 (2.47) | 1.297 [1.194, 1.410]*** | 1.324 [1.200, 1.460]*** |
aMean(SD)
*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001