Table 2.

Kale knowledge score for the study participants.

Kale Knowledge Questionnaire	All (1200)	Male (476)	Female (724)	p
Is kale considered a high calorie food?	60.2	57.6	61.9	0.15
Is kale considered a high nutritional value food?	63.4	59.9	65.7	0.11
Is kale considered a food with antioxidant properties?	29.8	26.9	31.8	0.07
Is kale considered a food with immune boosting properties?	57.1	54.8	58.6	0.31
Does excessive eating of kale cause constipation?	11.5	13.2	10.4	0.06
Is kale considered a food rich in fibers?	55.3	50.8	58.1	0.02
Is kale considered a food rich in vitamin C?	31.2	29.0	32.6	0.37
Is kale consumption considered bad for people suffering from digestive problems?	13.7	16.0	12.2	0.05
Is kale considered a food with anti-carcinogenic properties?	17.2	16.8	17.4	0.88
Is kale considered a food with anti-inflammatory properties?	19.0	19.3	18.8	0.92
Is kale considered a food high in fats?	57.8	56.9	58.3	0.19
Does kale play a role in controlling chronic diseases?	29.8	31.7	28.6	0.47
Does the nutritional value of kale increase after cooking?	16.1	11.6	19.1	<0.01
Total Knowledge Score	3.6 ± 0.1	3.5 ± 0.1	3.7 ± 0.1	0.12

Note: The data are presented as % of participants who answered correctly. Kale knowledge score was devised such that if all 13 questions were answered correctly it was correspondingly scaled as “10”, while those who had no correct answers at all were scaled as “0”. The difference between males and females was calculated using chi-square test and independent samples t-test for proportions and continuous normal variables, respectively.