Table 5. Randomized clinical trials included in systematic review of vaccines against COVID-19.
| Source–First author and year of publication | Trial registration | Trial phase | Vaccine name 1 | Developer/Investigator | Number randomized 2 | Overall risk of bias 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mRNA Vaccines | ||||||
| Baden et al, 2020 | NCT04470427 | 3 | mRNA-1274/ Spikevax | Moderna, Inc | 30420 | Some concerns |
| Walsh et al, 2020 18-55y 30μg | NCT04368728 | 1 | BNT162b2/ Comirnaty | BioNTech SE, Pfizer Inc. | 195 | Some concerns |
| Walsh et al, 2020 65-85y 30μg | Some concerns | |||||
| Mulligan et al, 2020 | NCT04368728 | 1/2 | BNT162b1 | 45 | Some concerns | |
| Polack et al, 2020 | NCT04368728 | 3 | BNT162b2/ Comirnaty | 43548 | Some concerns | |
| Li et al, 2021 | ChiCTR2000034825, NCT04523571 | 1 | BNT162b1 | BioNTech, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical Development | 144 | |
| Viral Vector Vaccines | ||||||
| Madhi et al, 2021 | NCT04444674, PACTR202006922165132 | 1/2 | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD 1222/Vaxzevria | University of Oxford, AstraZeneca | 2026 | Low risk of bias |
| Ramasamy et al, 2020 | NCT04400838, ISRCTN15281137 | 2/3 | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD 1222/Vaxzevria | 560 | Some concerns | |
| Folegatti et al, 2020 | NCT04324606 | 3 | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD 1222/Vaxzevria | 1067 | Low risk of bias | |
| Voysey et al, 2020 UK | NCT04400838, ISRCTN89951424 | 3 | ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/AZD 1222/Vaxzevria | 20675 (received all doses of intervention) | High risk of bias | |
| Voysey et al, 2020 Brazil | High risk of bias | |||||
| Logunov et al, 2021 | NCT04530396 | 3 | Gam-COVID-Vac/ Sputnik V | Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology | 21977 | Some concerns |
| Stephenson et al, 2021 | NCT04505722 | 1 | Ad26.COV2.S/ Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine/JNJ-78436735/Ad26COVS1 | Janssen Pharmaceuticals | 25 | |
| Sadoff et al, 2020 | NCT04436276 | 1/2 | Ad26.COV2.S/ Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine/JNJ-78436735/Ad26COVS1 | 402 | Low risk of bas | |
| Sadoff et al, 2021 | NCT04505722 | 3 | Ad26.COV2.S/ Janssen COVID-19 Vaccine/JNJ-78436735/Ad26COVS1 | 43783 | Some concerns | |
| Cai Zhu et al, 2020 | NCT04341389, NCT04341390 | 2 | Ad5-nCOV/ Convidicea | CanSinoBIO | 508 | Some concerns |
| Protein Subunit Vaccines | ||||||
| Keech et al, 2020 | NCT04368988 | 1/2 | NVX-CoV2373 | Novavax Inc. | 125 | Some concerns |
| Shinde et al, 2021 | NCT04533399 | 1/2 | NVX-CoV2373 | 4406 | High risk of bias | |
| Formica et al, 2021 | NCT04368988 | 1/2 | NVX-CoV2373 | 1288 | Some concerns | |
| Heath et al, 2021 | NCT04583995 | 3 | NVX-CoV2374 | 15187 | ||
| Richmond et al, 2021 18-54y | NCT04405908 | 1 | SCB-2019 | Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations | 151 | Some concerns |
| Richmond et al, 2021 55-75y | Some concerns | |||||
| Goepfert et al, 2021 | NCT04537208 | 1/2 | CoV2 preS dTM | Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline | 441 | Some concerns |
| Yang et al, 2021 phase 1 | NCT04445194 | 1 | ZF2001 | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Institute of Microbiology—Chinese Academy of Sciences | 50 | Some concerns |
| Yang et al, 2021 phase 2 | NCT04466085 | 2 | 900 | Some concerns | ||
| Ward et al, 2020 | NCT04450004 | 1 | CoVLP | Medicago Inc. | 180 | |
| Gobeil et al, 2021 | NCT04636697 | 2 | CoVLP | 588 | Some concerns | |
| Chappell et al, 2021 | NCT04495933 | 1 | SARS-CoV-2 sclamp vaccine | The University of Queensland, Syneos Health, CSIRO Manufacturing, Seqirus, Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations | 120 | |
| Inactivated Virus Vaccines | ||||||
| Ella et al, 2021 | NCT04471519 | 1 | BBV152/Covaxin | Bharat Biotech | 375 | Some concerns |
| Wu et al 2021 phase 1 | NCT04383574 | 1 | CoronaVac | Sinovac Biotech | 422 | Low Risk of Bias |
| Wu et al, 2021 phase 2 | 2 | Low Risk of Bias | ||||
| Zhang et al, 2020 | NCT04352608 | 1/2 | CoronaVac | 744 | Some concerns | |
| Han et al, 2021 | NCT04551547 | 1/2 | CoronaVac | 72 phase 1 480 phase 2 | ||
| Bueno et al, 2021 | NCT04651790 | 3 | CoronaVac | 434 | High risk of bias | |
| Xia et al, 2020 phase 1 | ChiCTR2000031809 | 1 | BBIBP-CorV/ Vero cell | Bejing Institute of Biological Products/Sinopharm (CNBG) | 320 | Low Risk of Bias |
| Xia et al, 2020 phase 2 | 2 | Low Risk of Bias | ||||
| Pu et al, 2020 | CTR20200943, NCT04412538 | 1 | SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine | Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medicine Science | 192 | High risk of bias |
| Che et al, 2020 | NCT04412538 | 2 | SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine | 750 | Some concerns | |
| Palacios et al, 2021 | NCT04456595 | 3 | CoronaVac | Fundação Butantan and São Paulo Research Foundation | 12408 | Low Risk of Bias |
| Pan et al, 2021 | ChiCTR2000038804, ChiCTR2000039462 | 1/2 | KCONVAC | Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co. Ltd, Beijing Minhai Biotechnology | 60 phase 1 500 phase 2 | Some concerns |
| Al Kaabi et al, 2021 | NCT04510207; ChiCTR2000034780 | 3 | WIV04, HB02 | Sinopharm China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., the Beijing Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd | 40411 | Low risk of bias |
1 If multiple names were used at different stages of development, all of them are listed.
2 If not number randomized it is noted differently.