Table 2.
Study characteristics
| Population | Intervention | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author (year) | Study design | N | Gender | Mean age | Pathology | Control/placebo/sham group | Intervention group | Comparative intervention group | Outcomes (tool) | Follow-up | Main results |
| Wolny et al. 2019 [27] | RCT | 103 (58/45) | 11/92 | 54.6 (9.1)/53.1 (10.1) | CTS | No intervention |
NDS Three series of 60 repetitions of sliding and tensioning neurodynamic techniques separated by inter-series intervals of 15 s 2/weeks (total: 20 sessions/10 weeks) |
Pain intensity (NPRS) Function (BCTS-Q SSS) Function (BCTS-Q FSS) Nerve conduction (SCV) Nerve conduction (MCV) Nerve conduction (MT) |
Before and after technique. (10 weeks) | ↑ Pain, function, and nerve conduction | |
| Wolny et al. 2018 [25] | RCT | 150 (78/72) | 15/135 | 54.2 (9.48)/52.2 (10.4) | CTS |
Placebo therapy 3 series of 60 repetitions of placebo glide and tension neurodynamic techniques separated by interseries intervals of 15 s 2/week for 20 sessions (20 sessions/10 weeks) |
NDS 3 series of 60 repetitions of glide and tension neurodynamic techniques separated by interseries intervals of 15 s 2/week (total: 20 sessions/10 weeks) |
Pain intensity (NPRS) Function (BCTS-Q SSS) Function (BCTS-Q FSS) Nerve conduction (SCV) Nerve conduction (MCV) Nerve conduction (MT) |
Before and after technique. (10 weeks) | ↑ Pain, function, and nerve conduction | |
| Jiménez-del-Barrio et al. 2018 [15] | RCT | 52 (24/27) | 11/41 | 44.97 (9.34)/48.83 (7.98) | CTS |
Sham therapy 5 sessions All intervention lasted an average of 17.77 days (SD: 0.8) with an interval of two to five days between each session |
DF 5 sessions All intervention lasted an average of 17.77 days (SD: 0.8) with an interval of two to five days between each session |
Pain intensity (VAS) Nerve conduction (DML) Nerve conduction (SCV) |
Before and after treatment, and one moth-follow-up |
Posttreatment: ↑ pain and nerve conduction one month follow-up: ↑ pain |
|
| Jiménez-del-Barrio et al. 2021 [26] | RCT | 39 (18/21) | 5/34 | 45.5 (9.6)/49.6 (7.6) | CTS |
Sham therapy 5 sessions All intervention lasted an average of 17.77 days (SD: 0.8) with an interval of two to five days between each session |
DF 5 sessions All intervention lasted an average of 17.77 days (SD: 0.8) with an interval of two to five days between each session |
Pain intensity (VAS) disability (BCTS-Q) nerve conduction (SCV) | Before and after treatment |
↑ VAS nad nerve conduction |
|
| RCT | 21 (7/7/7) | 0/21 | 47.1 (S.D. 14.8) | CTS | No intervention |
Neurodynamic mobilization ULTT2a mobilization |
Bone mobilization carpal bone mobilization (posterior-anterior and/or anterior–posterior mobilization techniques) and flexor retinaculum stretch |
Pain intensity (VAS) Function (PRS) Function (FBS) |
Before and after treatment | ↑ Pain and function | |
| Shem etal. 2020 [28] | RCT | 36 (17/19) | 10/26 | 48.18 (7.18)/50.05 (9.71) | CTS |
Sham therapy 30 s at a time, four times a day for six weeks |
Self-myofascial stretching of the carpal ligament 30 s at a time, four times a day for six weeks |
Pain intensity (VAS) Function (BCTS-Q FSS) Function (BCTS-Q SSS) Nerve conduction (sensory DL) Nerve conduction (motor DL) |
Before and after treatment | ↑ Pain and nerve conduction | |
RCT, randomized controlled trial; CTS, carpal tunnel syndrome; NDS, neurodynamic mobilizations; DF, diacutaneous fibrolysis; VAS, visual analog scale; DL, distal latency; SCV, sensory conduction velocity; MCV, motor conduction velocity; DL, distal latency; BCTS-Q, Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire