Table 1.
Characteristics of study population according to maternal antipsychotic use before and during pregnancy, n (%).
| Characteristics | Unexposed group (n = 1,058,205) |
Antipsychotic discontinuation group (n = 6976) |
Continuation group (n = 2035) | New user group (n = 857) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age at delivery | ||||
| <25 years | 135,031 (12.8) | 1641 (23.5) | 378 (18.6) | 221 (25.8) |
| 25–34 years | 732,574 (69.2) | 4055 (58.1) | 1121 (55.1) | 470 (54.8) |
| ≥35 years | 190,600 (18.0) | 1280 (18.3) | 536 (26.3) | 166 (19.4) |
| Primiparity | 469,809 (44.4) | 3498 (50.1) | 980 (48.2) | 366 (42.7) |
| Maternal psychiatric history at delivery | 68,466 (6.5) | 4437 (63.6) | 1735 (85.3) | 500 (58.3) |
| Inpatient psychiatric treatment from 2 years before pregnancy to delivery | 3382 (0.3) | 1275 (18.3) | 672 (33.0) | 168 (19.6) |
| Outpatient psychiatric treatment from 2 years before pregnancy to delivery | 20,544 (1.9) | 3109 (44.6) | 1339 (65.8) | 423 (49.4) |
| Dispensing of other psychotropic prescriptions 2 years before pregnancy to delivery | 14,408 (1.4) | 612 (8.8) | 399 (19.6) | 263 (30.7) |
| No of non-psychiatric hospital visits during pregnancy | ||||
| 0–1 | 329,050 (31.1) | 1228 (17.6) | 313 (15.4) | 140 (16.3) |
| 2–3 | 497,373 (47.0) | 2858 (41.0) | 803 (39.5) | 354 (41.3) |
| ≥4 | 231,782 (21.9) | 2890 (41.4) | 919 (45.2) | 363 (42.4) |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 161,169 (15.2) | 2782 (39.9) | 921 (45.3) | 306 (35.7) |
| No | 850,777 (80.4) | 3924 (56.3) | 1031 (50.7) | 502 (58.6) |
| Missing | 46,259 (4.4) | 270 (3.9) | 83 (4.1) | 49 (5.7) |
| Maternal marital status at delivery | ||||
| Married or cohabiting | 924,072 (87.3) | 4932 (70.7) | 1341 (65.9) | 619 (72.2) |
| Single, divorced, or widowed | 134,133 (12.7) | 2044 (29.3) | 694 (34.1) | 238 (27.8) |
| Maternal highest education at delivery | ||||
| Elementary school | 186,361 (17.6) | 3348 (48.0) | 1026 (50.4) | 400 (46.7) |
| Above elementary school | 823,808 (77.8) | 3432 (49.2) | 933 (45.8) | 405 (47.3) |
| Missing | 48,036 (4.5) | 196 (2.8) | 76 (3.7) | 52 (6.1) |
| Calendar year of delivery | ||||
| 1998–2002 | 370,429 (35.0) | 1798 (25.8) | 385 (18.9) | 281 (32.8) |
| 2003–2007 | 361,750 (34.2) | 2157 (30.9) | 707 (34.7) | 280 (32.7) |
| 2008–2015 | 326,026 (30.1) | 3021 (43.3) | 943 (46.3) | 296 (34.5) |
| Paternal psychiatric history at delivery | 44,657 (4.2) | 1093 (15.7) | 454 (22.3) | 122 (14.2) |
| Paternal antipsychotic use | ||||
| No antipsychotic use | 1,046,452 (98.9) | 6423 (92.1) | 1765 (86.7) | 787 (91.8) |
| Use before but not during pregnancy | 5700 (0.5) | 278 (4.0) | 78 (3.8) | 30 (3.5) |
| Use both before and during pregnancy | 3418 (0.3) | 187 (2.7) | 143 (7.0) | 30 (3.5) |
| Use during but not before pregnancy | 2635 (0.2) | 88 (1.3) | 49 (2.4) | 10 (1.2) |
| Sex of child | ||||
| Male | 543,130 (51.3) | 3574 (51.2) | 1072 (52.7) | 420 (49.0) |
| Female | 515,075 (48.7) | 3402 (48.8) | 963 (47.3) | 437 (51.0) |