Figure 3.

Simulated gravimetric (a,b) and volumetric (c,d) energy densities of Li/LLZO/LCO all-solid-state battery vs. cathode areal capacity and LLZO thickness plotted at power densities of 200 W kg⁻¹ and 600 W L⁻¹ and temperatures of 30 °C and 70 °C. The composition of LCO cathode is constant (70 vol.% of LCO and 30 vol.% of LLZO). The areal capacity (thickness) of the Li metal anode corresponds to 20% of the cathode areal capacity. The gravimetric and volumetric energy densities of Li-free/LLZO/LCO all-solid-state battery (so-called Li-free configuration), are shown in Supplementary Fig. S29 for comparison.