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. 2022 Jan 19;12(1):77–97. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i1.77

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor deficiency impairs resolution of microglial inflammatory phenotypes. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are altered by genetics and environmental circumstances. Reduced levels of BDNF impair microglia regulation after inflammation. Hyper-active microglia contribute to blood-brain barrier disruption and express higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and kynurenine metabolism pathway enzymes. Individuals with hyper-active microglia are vulnerable to developing symptoms of depression after inflammatory challenge. BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor.