Table 2.
Primary and secondary outcomes (adjusted for sex and baseline value; N=220).
| Outcome | App-based intervention, mean (95% CI) | Control, mean (95% CI) | Differences intervention versus control, mean (95% CI) | P value | |||||
| Neck pain intensity during first 3 months (NRSa,b) | 4.1 (3.8 to 4.4) | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.1) | 0.3 (−0.2 to 0.7) | .23 | |||||
| Neck pain intensity (NRSb) | |||||||||
|
|
Second 3 months | 3.6 (3.2 to 4) | 3.7 (3.4 to 4.1) | −0.1 (−0.7 to 0.4) | .62 | ||||
|
|
First 6 months | 3.9 (3.6 to 4.2) | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.1) | 0.1 (−0.3 to 0.6) | .62 | ||||
| Average neck pain during previous 7 days (NRS) | |||||||||
|
|
First 3 months | 4.3 (4 to 4.6) | 4 (3.8 to 4.3) | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.7) | .24 | ||||
|
|
Second 3 months | 3.8 (3.4 to 4.1) | 3.9 (3.6 to 4.3) | −0.2 (−0.7 to 0.3) | .52 | ||||
|
|
First 6 months | 4.1 (3.8 to 4.4) | 4 (3.7 to 4.3) | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.6) | .49 | ||||
| Pain acceptance | |||||||||
|
|
After 3rd month | 75.4 (73 to 77.8) | 75.8 (73.4 to 78.1) | −0.4 (−3.8 to 3) | .83 | ||||
|
|
After 6th month | 76.1 (73.7 to 78.4) | 75.8 (73.6 to 78.1) | 0.2 (−3 to 3.5) | .89 | ||||
| Participants with medication intake against neck pain, proportion (%)c,d | |||||||||
|
|
During 6 months | 49.5 (39.8 to 59.3) | 52.4 (42.4 to 62.2) | 0.97 (0.5 to 1.8) | .69 | ||||
| Numbers of weeks with pain medication | |||||||||
|
|
First 3 months | 2 (1.5 to 2.5) | 2 (1.4 to 2.5) | 0.01 (−0.7 to 0.8) | .98 | ||||
|
|
Second 3 months | 2 (1.4 to 2.6) | 2 (1.5 to 2.6) | −0.03 (−0.8 to 0.8) | .93 | ||||
|
|
First 6 months | 3.7 (2.7 to 4.7) | 3.9 (2.9 to 4.9) | −0.2 (−1.7 to 1.2) | .75 | ||||
| Neck pain–related stress | |||||||||
|
|
First 3 months | 4 (3.7 to 4.3) | 3.8 (3.5 to 4.1) | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.7) | .32 | ||||
|
|
Second 3 months | 3.6 (3.2 to 3.9) | 3.6 (3.2 to 4) | 0 (−0.6 to 0.5) | .88 | ||||
|
|
First 6 months | 3.9 (3.6 to 4.2) | 3.7 (3.4 to 4) | 0.2 (−0.3 to 0.6) | .46 | ||||
| Responder rate, proportion (%)c,d,e | |||||||||
|
|
After third month | 29.4 (21 to 38.9) | 35.6 (26.4 to 45.6) | 0.75 (0.4 to 1.4) | .33 | ||||
|
|
After sixth month | 35.9 (26.8 to 45.7) | 37.5 (28.2 to 47.5) | 0.93 (0.5 to 1.7) | .80 | ||||
| Sick-leave days | |||||||||
|
|
After third month | 1.2 (0.4 to 2) | 1.5 (0.7 to 2.3) | −0.3 (−1.4 to 0.9) | .66 | ||||
|
|
After sixth month | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.6) | 1 (0.5 to 1.5) | 0.1 (−0.6 to 0.8) | .81 | ||||
| Concomitant treatment, proportion (%)c,d | |||||||||
|
|
After third month | 40 (30.8 to 49.8) | 45.5 (35.9 to 55.2) | 0.82 (0.5 to 1.4) | .50 | ||||
|
|
After sixth month | 47.3 (37.7 to 57) | 43.6 (34.2 to 53.4) | 1.20 (0.7 to 2.1) | .69 | ||||
aNRS: Numeric Rating Scale.
bLower values indicate better status.
cBetween-group differences are presented as odds ratio (95% CI) instead of mean (95% CI).
dProportions are not adjusted.
eEither at least 50% pain reduction or at least 2.5 points on the Numeric Rating Scale compared with baseline.