TABLE 1.
Variables | Total population (n = 912) | Non‐AS (baPWV ≤ 1400 cm/s; n = 507) | AS (baPWV > 1400 cm/s; n = 405) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 51.1 ± 9.6 | 47.7 ± 9.0 | 55.4 ± 8.6 | < .001 |
Sex, male, n (%) | 592 (64.9) | 314 (61.9) | 278 (68.6) | .036 |
Smoking status, n (%) | .517 | |||
None or past | 715(78.4) | 393 (77.5) | 322 (79.5) | |
Current | 197 (21.6) | 114 (22.5) | 83 (20.5) | |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | .086 | |||
0–40 g/week | 581 (63.7) | 332 (66.7) | 249 (62.1) | |
40–140 g/week | 150 (16.4) | 87 (17.5) | 63 (15.7) | |
140–280 g/week | 90 (9.9) | 45 (9.0) | 45 (11.2) | |
More than 280 g/week | 78 (8.6) | 34 (6.8) | 44 (11.0) | |
Regular exercise, n (%) | 177 (19.4) | 97 (19.3) | 80 (20.3) | .736 |
Fatty liver, n (%) | 265 (29.1) | 117 (23.1) | 148 (36.5) | < .001 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 23.1 ± 3.1 | 23.0 ± 3.3 | 23.3 ± 2.8 | .068 |
Systolic BP, mm Hg | 120.2 ± 15.0 | 114.4 ± 12.2 | 127.5 ± 14.9 | < .001 |
Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 76.1 ± 10.0 | 72.4 ± 8.4 | 80.8 ± 9.9 | < .001 |
Pulse pressure, mm Hg | 44.1 ± 7.4 | 42.0 ± 6.3 | 46.8 ± 7.9 | < .001 |
Mean BP, mm Hg | 93.8 ± 11.7 | 89.2 ± 9.6 | 99.5 ± 11.5 | < .001 |
Laboratory results | ||||
Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 98.1 ± 14.1 | 95.8 ± 10.5 | 100.8 ± 17.1 | < .001 |
Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.3 ± 1.4 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | .006 |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 70.4 ± 12.0 | 73.0 ± 12.4 | 67.1 ± 10.8 | < .001 |
AST, IU/L | 19.0 (14.0, 26.0) | 18.0 (14.0, 24.0) | 20.0 (15.0, 28.0) | < .001 |
ALT, IU/L | 19.0 (16.0, 23.0) | 19.0 (16.0, 22.0) | 20.0 (17.0, 25.0) | < .001 |
GGT, IU/L | 19.0 (14.0, 28.0) | 17.0 (12.0, 24.0) | 21.0 (16.0, 31.5) | < .001 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 209.8 ± 35.9 | 205.6 ± 35.8 | 215.1 ± 35.4 | < .001 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL | 81.0 (53.0, 124.0) | 72.0 (49.0, 113.0) | 90.0 (62.0, 140.0) | < .001 |
LDL‑C, mg/dL | 128.1 ± 31.7 | 125.7 ± 31.0 | 131.0 ± 32.3 | .012 |
HDL‑C, mg/dL | 53.5 ± 14.6 | 54.0 ± 14.0 | 52.9 ± 15.3 | .249 |
RC, mg/dL | 25.8 (19.1, 34.5) | 23.5 (17.8, 30.9) | 29.0 (21.1, 38.1) | < .001 |
Non‐HDL‑C, mg/dL | 156.3 ± 36.2 | 151.5 ± 36.2 | 162.2 ± 35.4 | < .001 |
AIP | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.2 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.3 | < .001 |
LCI | 11.7 (6.2, 24.2) | 10.1 (5.1, 20.5) | 14.7 (7.6, 27.8) | < .001 |
AI | 3.0 (2.3, 3.9) | 2.8 (2.1, 3.7) | 3.1 (2.5, 4.2) | < .001 |
TG/HDL‑C | 1.5 (0.9, 2.7) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.5) | 1.7 (1.1, 3.1) | < .001 |
CRI‐I | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 4.0 ± 1.2 | 4.3 ± 1.3 | < .001 |
CRI‐II | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.7 ± 1.0 | .003 |
Abbreviations: AS, arterial stiffness; baPWV, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity; BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; GGT, γ‐glutamyltranspeptidase; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; RC, remnant cholesterol; AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; LCI, lipoprotein combine index; AI, atherosclerosis index; CRI‐I, Castelli's risk index I; CRI‐II, Castelli's risk index II.