TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants based on IDH status by 2018 Chinese and 2017 ACC/AHA definitions
| Characteristics | Normotension by Chinese definition | IDH by Chinese definition | p value a | Normotension by ACC/AHA definition | IDH by ACC/AHA definition | p value b | p value c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, No. (%) | 26016 (91.7) | 2359 (8.3) | 12548 (63.7) | 7140 (36.3) | |||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 48.1±10.4 | 48.7±9.9 | 0.004 | 47.2±10.2 | 47.1±9.4 | 0.703 | <0.001 |
| Sex, No. (%) | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.320 | ||||
| Male | 13133 (50.5) | 1276 (54.1) | 5568 (44.4) | 3778 (52.9) | |||
| Female | 12883 (49.5) | 1083 (45.9) | 6980 (55.6) | 3362 (47.1) | |||
| Ethnicity, No. (%) | 0.019 | <0.001 | 0.863 | ||||
| Han | 0800 (80.0) | 1832 (77.7) | 10247 (81.7) | 5583 (78.2) | |||
| Mongolian | 4897 (18.8) | 500 (21.2) | 2151 (17.1) | 1477 (20.7) | |||
| Others | 319 (1.2) | 27 (1.1) | 150 (1.2) | 80 (1.1) | |||
| Education level, No. (%) | <0.001 | 0.043 | <0.001 | ||||
| Primary school or below | 10038 (38.6) | 1006 (42.6) | 4649 (37.0) | 2564 (35.9) | |||
| Middle school | 14562 (56.0) | 1214 (51.5) | 7255 (57.8) | 4157 (58.2) | |||
| High school or above | 1416 (5.4) | 139 (5.9) | 644 (5.1) | 419 (5.9) | |||
| Current smoking, No. (%) | 10592 (40.7) | 1046 (44.3) | 0.001 | 4684 (37.3) | 3009 (42.1) | <0.001 | 0.061 |
| Current drinking, No. (%) | 7992 (30.7) | 857 (36.3) | <0.001 | 3362 (26.8) | 2352 (32.9) | <0.001 | 0.003 |
| Antihypertensive, No. (%) | 116 (0.4) | 70 (3.0) | <0.001 | 28 (0.2) | 50 (0.7) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 121.3±10.8 | 129.2±7.4 | <0.001 | 114.8±9.5 | 120.4±6.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| DBP, mean (SD), mm Hg | 76.1±7.5 | 93.2±4.7 | <0.001 | 70.8±6.0 | 83.8±4.4 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 22.97±2.86 | 23.58±3.11 | <0.001 | 22.71±2.81 | 23.24±2.89 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, No. (%) | 72 (0.3) | 8 (0.3) | 0.584 | 34 (0.3) | 14 (0.2) | 0.306 | 0.210 |
| History of hyperlipidemia, No. (%) | 335 (1.3) | 42 (1.8) | 0.045 | 129 (1.0) | 88 (1.2) | 0.187 | 0.047 |
| Salt intake, mean (SD), g/day | 15.52±12.37 | 15.76±11.26 | 0.354 | 15.33±12.60 | 15.94±11.98 | 0.001 | 0.525 |
Abbreviations: ACC, American College of Cardiology; AHA, American Heart Association; BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IDH, isolated diastolic hypertension; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
p value comparing those with normotension (SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP <90 mm Hg) to those with IDH (SBP <140 mm Hg and DBP ≥90 mm Hg), according to the definition of IDH by the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension.
p value comparing those with normotension (SBP <130 mm Hg and DBP <80 mm Hg) to those with IDH (SBP <130 mm Hg and DBP ≥80 mm Hg), according to the definition of IDH by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline.
p value comparing those with IDH by the 2018 Chinese definition vs those with IDH by the 2017 ACC/AHA definition.